Fig. 1

Malignant serous effusions (MSE) 2D and 3D cell culture and drug screening system. a conventional 2D monolayer cell culture system, scale bar = 500 µm. b 3D hanging drop cell culture system (modified from InSphero Product Manual of GravityPLUS™ Hanging Drop System with the permission from InSphero AG). For the two show cases of MSE stomach adenocarcinoma and skin melanoma, the ratio indicated the number of MSE cells to normal human dermal fibroblasts (nHDF), scale bar = 200 µm. c drug screening platform using low attached cell culture system, scale bar = 50 µm (left) or 20 µm (right), respectively. CM conditional medium