Effects of dietary methionine and cysteine restriction on plasma biomarkers, serum fibroblast growth factor 21, and adipose tissue gene expression in women with overweight or obesity: a double-blind randomized controlled pilot study

Table 2 Change in markers from baseline to final study visit

Plasma marker	β for Met/Cys_-low vs. Met/Cys_-high	p	β for Met/Cys_-medium vs. Met/Cys_-high	p
ApoA1	6.16 (− 3.33, 16.6)	0.19	− 4.05 (− 12.4, 5.04)	0.35
ApoB	− 7.21 (− 22.4, 11)	0.39	− 3.08 (− 18.3, 15)	0.70
ApoB/A1	− 13.3 (− 28.4, 4.88)	0.13	− 0.9 (− 17.7, 19.3)	0.92
Total cholesterol	− 1.7 (− 13.2, 11.4)	0.78	− 4.62 (− 14.8, 6.8)	0.39
LDL	− 5.25 (− 21.2, 14)	0.54	− 6.69 (− 21.6, 11.1)	0.41
HDL	2.64 (− 5.26, 11.2)	0.50	− 0.68 (− 8.07, 7.3)	0.85
Triglycerides	8.51 (− 24, 55)	0.63	− 4.54 (− 31.7, 33.4)	0.77
C-peptide	− 1.2 (− 19.5, 21.2)	0.90	− 4.19 (− 21.2, 16.5)	0.65
Insulin	− 19.4 (− 45.6, 19.6)	0.26	− 10.8 (− 38.1, 28.6)	0.52
Glucose	0.48 (− 5.3, 6.61)	0.87	− 0.73 (− 6.26, 5.13)	0.79
SCD16^a	− 12 (− 27.8, 7.37)	0.19	− 15.7 (− 30.9, 2.84)	0.087
SCD18^a	7.16 (− 4.46, 20.2)	0.22	5.98 (− 5.02, 18.3)	0.28
HOMA-IR^b	− 21.3 (− 47.8, 18.7)	0.23	− 10.3 (− 38.7, 31.2)	0.55
Body weight	− 0.29 (− 1.63, 1.08)	0.66	− 0.48 (1.70–0.75)	0.42

Estimated marginal mean change in markers from baseline to the final study visit. Because all raw data values were log-transformed prior to analysis, the βs are given in units of per cent with corresponding confidence intervals
Met/Cys methionine and cysteine, apoA1 apolipoprotein A1, apoB apolipoprotein B, LDL low-density lipoprotein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, SCD stearoyl-CoA desaturase
^aSCD16, C16:1n-7/C16:0; SCD18, C18:1n-9/C18:0
^bHOMA-IR was calculated by (insulin/6) × (glucose × 18)/405

ISSN: 1479-5876