Parameter | Units | VA ECMO blood flow | P | Relative change | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EBF 0 | EBF 1 | EBF 2 | EBF 3 | EBF 4 | EBF 5 | EBF 0–5 (%) | |||
Ventricular hemodynamics | |||||||||
LVPP | mmHg | 49 ± 5 | 55 ± 13 | 61 ± 13 | 66 ± 12 | 74 ± 10* | 73 ± 11* | 0.001 | 49 |
EDP | mmHg | 7 ± 2 | 8 ± 2 | 10 ± 2 | 11 ± 3 | 13 ± 2* | 15 ± 3* | < 0.001 | 114 |
ESV | mL | 139 ± 17 | 143 ± 16 | 148 ± 18 | 152 ± 19 | 164 ± 15* | 167 ± 15* | < 0.001 | 20 |
EDV | mL | 189 ± 26 | 194 ± 27 | 203 ± 29 | 209 ± 30 | 217 ± 29* | 218 ± 30* | < 0.001 | 15 |
SV | mL | 51 ± 20 | 51 ± 20 | 56 ± 20 | 59 ± 20 | 55 ± 21 | 52 ± 21 | 0.03 | 2 |
EF | % | 25 ± 7 | 24 ± 6 | 26 ± 7 | 27 ± 7 | 23 ± 6 | 21 ± 6 | 0.18 | − 16 |
HR | beats/min | 101 ± 22 | 96 ± 19 | 93 ± 17 | 90 ± 13 | 90 ± 14 | 86 ± 14 | 0.34 | − 15 |
SW | mmHg*mL | 1434 ± 941 | 1595 ± 987 | 1867 ± 1102 | 2014 ± 1062 | 2105 ± 1060* | 1892 ± 1036 | 0.04 | 32 |
dP/dtmax/EDV | mmHg/s/mL | 2.2 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 0.6 | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 2.5 ± 0.4 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 3 ± 0.9 | 0.94 | 36 |
Perfusion parameters | |||||||||
Carotid flow | mL/min | 211 ± 72 | 291 ± 62 | 314 ± 57 | 356 ± 57 | 447 ± 64* | 479 ± 58* | < 0.001 | 127 |
Subclavian flow | mL/min | 103 ± 49 | 128 ± 44 | 158 ± 40 | 208 ± 47 | 266 ± 47* | 296 ± 54* | < 0.001 | 187 |
Cranial rSO2 | % | 57 ± 6 | 60 ± 4 | 67 ± 5 | 69 ± 5 | 72 ± 4* | 74 ± 3* | < 0.001 | 30 |
Forelimb rSO2 | % | 37 ± 6 | 46 ± 5 | 58 ± 5 | 67 ± 6 | 72 ± 7* | 77 ± 6* | < 0.001 | 108 |
SvO2 | % | 62 ± 8 | 77 ± 3 | 81 ± 3 | 86 ± 4 | 89 ± 4* | 89 ± 4* | < 0.001 | 44 |
CVP | mmHg | 14 ± 2 | 11 ± 2 | 10 ± 2 | 8 ± 2* | 9 ± 2* | 8 ± 2* | 0.001 | − 43 |