Plasma peroxiredoxin changes and inflammatory cytokines support the involvement of neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Table 2 Cytokines and inflammation/oxidation-related genes in leukocytes of ASD and TD children

Inflammation/oxidation-related genes	Fold change (ratio ASD/TD)	95% confidence interval (CI)	Two-sided p value for ASD vs TD difference	Correlation with total CARS score	Correlation with hyperactivity	Correlation with stereotypies	Correlation with cognitive level
AHR	0.77	0.471–1.281	NS	p = 0.0025 r = 0.70 pFDR = 0.12	NS	NS	NS
HSP70i	1.787	1.227–2.602	p < 0.01	NS	NS	NS	NS
IL6	2.204	1.246–3.898	p < 0.01	NS	NS	NS	NS
IL10	1.187	0.690–2.043	NS	p = 0.0246 r = 0.55 pFDR = 0.17	p = 0.0128 r = 0.6 pFDR =0.12	NS	p = 0.0377 r = 0.49 pFDR = 0.23
IL12A	1.537	0.893–2.646	NS	p = 0.0043 r = 0.67 pFDR = 0.13	NS	p = 0.0197 r = 0.58 pFDR = 0.16	NS
IL1 beta	1.339	0.779–2.303	NS	p = 0.007 r = 0.64 pFDR = 0.11	NS	NS	NS
COX1	1.025	0.785–1.337	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
COX2	1.312	0.788–2.184	NS	p = 0.0435 r = 0.51 pFDR = 0.21	NS	NS	NS
PRX2	1.038	0.867–1.243	NS	NS	NS	p = 0.0111 r = 0.62 pFDR = 0.13	NS
PRX5	0.983	0.884–1.092	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
STAT3	0.952	0.382–2.376	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
TNF-alpha	0.999	0.567–1.759	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS

Statistically significant correlations are underlined
ASD Autism Spectrum Disorders, TD typically developing, CARS Childhood Autism Rating Scale, AHR Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, HSP70i Heat Shock Protein 70, inducible form, IL interleukin, COX cyclooxygenase, PRX peroxiredoxin, STAT3 Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3, TNF-alpha Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, NS not significant, r correlation coefficient

ISSN: 1479-5876