Table 1 Characteristics of study population

N, %

1284

1080 (84.1)

204 (15.9)

–

Serum uric acid (μmol/l)

311 ± 77

288 ± 57

431 ± 60

< 0.0001

Visceral adiposity index

2.17 (1.41–3.29)

2.08 (1.31–3.08)

2.84 (1.87–4.57)

< 0.0001

Fatty liver index

37.9 (20.8–59.6)

36.2 (19.5–58.1)

48.4 (31.0–70.6)

< 0.0001

Lipid accumulation product

47.7 (29.6–73.0)

45.8 (27.9–68.2)

62.8 (41.0–91.5)

< 0.0001

BMI (kg/m²)

25.4 ± 3.5

25.2 ± 3.4

26.1 ± 3.7

0.001

Waist circumference (cm)

89.8 ± 9.6

89.5 ± 9.6

91.4 ± 9.0

0.01

Neck circumference (cm)

35.6 ± 3.5

35.5 ± 3.5

35.8 ± 3.5

0.22

Age (years)

67.8 ± 8.6

67.4 ± 8.5

69.7 ± 8.7

0.0007

Male [n (%)]

439 (34.2)

384 (35.6)

55 (27.0)

0.018

Current smoker [n (%)]

164 (12.8)

144 (13.3)

20 (9.8)

0.17

Current drinker [n (%)]

68 (5.3)

58 (5.4)

10 (4.9)

0.78

High physical activity [n (%)]

751 (58.5)

637 (59.0)

114 (55.9)

0.41

SBP (mmHg)

134 ± 15

134 ± 14

134 ± 15

0.98

DBP (mmHg)

83 ± 9

83 ± 9

82 ± 9

0.04

TG (mmol/l)

1.62 (1.19–2.23)

1.57 (1.14–2.14)

1.92 (1.44–2.86)

< 0.0001

TC (mmol/l)

5.11 ± 0.98

5.11 ± 0.97

5.10 ± 1.06

0.91

LDL-c (mmol/l)

2.70 ± 0.69

2.71 ± 0.69

2.69 ± 0.72

0.79

HDL-c (mmol/l)

1.34 ± 0.30

1.36 ± 0.30

1.23 ± 0.26

< 0.0001

FPG (mmol/l)

5.60 (4.80–6.88)

5.60 (4.80–6.95)

5.58 (4.79–6.61)

0.34

ALT (U/l)

18.0 (14.0–25.0)

18.0 (14.0–25.0)

18.0 (14.0–25.0)

0.56

AST (U/l)

23.0 (19.0–27.0)

22.1 (19.0–27.0)

23.0 (19.0–28.4)

0.23

GGT (U/l)

21.0 (15.0–30.0)

20.0 (15.0–29.0)

23.0 (17.0–32.8)

0.0029

eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)

80.9 ± 14.2

82.8 ± 12.8

70.5 ± 16.5

< 0.0001