Table 3 Echocardiographic parameters of the patients
|  | Controls | Obesity | Obesity + T2DM |
|---|---|---|---|
EF (%) | 47.7 ± 9.0 | 51.7 ± 9.7 | 53.4 ± 10.1 |
FS (%) | 26.5 ± 7.7 | 33.2 ± 8.8 | 28.9 ± 7.1 |
TAPSE (mm) | 25.9 ± 5.7 | 26.1 ± 4.1 | 24.0 ± 4.6 |
E/A | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.4 |
DT (ms) | 255.8 ± 86.9 | 227.6 ± 48.1 | 234.2 ± 64.7 |
IVRT (ms) | 111.8 ± 21.2 | 107.9 ± 17.8 | 99.0 ± 19.6 |
E’ (cm/s) | 8.0 ± 2.5 | 7.7 ± 1.7 | 7.0 ± 2.1 |
A’ (cm/s) | 8.3 ± 1.9 | 8.7 ± 2.1 | 8.9 ± 1.5 |
DT’ (ms) | 167.8 ± 63.3 | 165.5 ± 48.9 | 162.4 ± 57.3 |
E’/A’ | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 |
RVAC (mL) | 43.9 ± 15.7 | 40.6 ± 9.5 | 39.8 ± 10.2 |
EATt (mm) | 9.9 ± 2.2 | 12.1 ± 3.6 | 11.7 ± 2.9 |
LA (cm) | 4.0 ± 0.4 | 4.1 ± 0.4 | 4.4 ± 0.5†|
LVdD (cm) | 5.4 ± 0.7 | 5.5 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.5 |
LVsD (cm) | 3.9 ± 0.8 | 3.6 ± 0.6 | 3.9 ± 0.5 |
RVdD (cm) | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 2.7 ± 0.4†| 2.6 ± 0.4 |
IVSD (cm) | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 |
PWTd (cm) | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.2 |
RWT | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 |
LVM (g) | 226.8 ± 61.5 | 251.8 ± 58.6 | 260.0 ± 62.7 |
LVMi (g/m2.7) | 52.9 ± 14.5 | 58.4 ± 11.8 | 59.9 ± 12.6 |