Novel nomograms to predict lymph node metastasis and liver metastasis in patients with early colon carcinoma

Table 2 Correlations between clinicopathological characteristics of patients and lymph node metastasis in the training and validation sets

Clinicopathological variables	Training set			Validation set
Clinicopathological variables	Negative	Positive	P value	Negative	Positive	P value
Age	67.36 (13.31)	64.97 (13.58)	0.023	67.52 (13.36)	65.18 (13.59)	0.357
Gender
Female	9421	1546	0.619	4704	808	0.815
Male	9348	1565		4641	786
Marital status
Married	10,260	1786	0.002	5141	906	0.017
Single	7297	1165		3593	613
Unknown	1212	160		611	75
Race
American Indian/Alaska Native	132	22		58	11	0.001
Asian or Pacific Islander	1363	287		675	142
Black	2190	468		1074	224
White	15,084	2334		7538	1217
Histologic grade
Well differentiated	3790	368	< 0.001	1885	171	< 0.001
Moderately differentiated	13,445	2189		6747	1148
Poorly differentiated	1292	469		620	234
Undifferentiated	242	85		93	41
Histologic type
Adenocarcinoma	16,276	2641	< 0.001	8060	1379	0.005
Carcinoid tumor	565	79		312	30
Neuroendocrine carcinoma	144	50		81	16
Mucinous adenocarcinoma	896	179		418	92
Other	888	162		474	77
T classification
T1	10,313	1031	< 0.001	5125	548	< 0.001
T2	8456	2080		4220	1046
Tumor size
<5 cm	13,949	2345	< 0.001	6984	1210	< 0.001
≥ 5 cm	1927	484		919	235
Unknown	2891	282		1442	149
CEA
Negative	6809	1302	< 0.001	3405	640	< 0.001
Borderline	43	11		22	4
Positive	1770	500		861	254
Unknown	10,147	1298		5057	696
Tumor number
1	12,996	2218	0.125	6423	1152	0.035
2	4315	674		2170	336
3	1100	162		572	80
> 3	358	57		180	26
Overall survival
Alive	16,258	2539	< 0.001	8087	1322	< 0.001
Dead	2511	572		1258	272

Italic values: statistical differences are significant. CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen

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