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Table 1 Serum and urine parameters

From: Acute canagliflozin treatment protects against in vivo myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury in non-diabetic male rats and enhances endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation

Parameters

Sham + vehicle

Sham + canagliflozin

IRI + vehicle

IRI + canagliflozin

Serum glucose (mg/dL)

215 ± 15

193 ± 10

205 ± 13

226 ± 17

Urine glucose (mmol/L)

0.54 ± 0.06

0.49 ± 0.06

0.44 ± 0.06

0.52 ± 0.04

Serum creatine kinase (IU/L)

1778 ± 247

1806 ± 346

3445 ± 436*

3089 ± 477

Serum lactate dehydrogenase (IU/L)

961 ± 81

789 ± 41

3279 ± 259*

2716 ± 242*

Serum aspartate transaminase (IU/L)

217 ± 23

191 ± 10

899 ± 119*

745 ± 91*

Serum alanine transaminase (IU/L)

63 ± 4

57 ± 5

131 ± 11*

114 ± 12*

Alkaline phosphatase (IU/L)

268 ± 10

277 ± 13

273 ± 13

304 ± 15

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

79 ± 4

82 ± 4

78 ± 4

77 ± 2

Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.47 ± 0.05

0.42 ± 0.02

0.58 ± 0.08

0.55 ± 0.05

Urinary urea nitrogen (g/dL)

27 ± 5

26 ± 3

21 ± 4

20 ± 2

Urinary creatinine (mg/dL)

103 ± 9

115 ± 11

116 ± 12

99 ± 8

Urinary albumin (mg/L)

16 ± 3

13 ± 6

16 ± 4

15 ± 3

  1. Canagliflozin did not alter serum and urine glucose levels in non-diabetic rats, and was not associated with hepatic or renal injury
  2. To investigate intergroup differences, Tukey’s post hoc test was performed following two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). *P < 0.05 versus sham + vehicle; IRI ischemia–reperfusion injury