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Table 3 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for DED
| Characteristics | β | OR | 95% CI | Wald χ2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||||
| Male | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| Female | 0.4079 | 1.504 | (1.421, 1.592) | 197.6858 | < 0.0001 |
| Age (years old) | |||||
| < 25 | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| 25–45 | 0.4540 | 1.575 | (1.462, 1.696) | 143.6879 | < 0.0001 |
| > 45 | 0.9010 | 2.462 | (2.267, 2.675) | 453.8747 | < 0.0001 |
| Keratorefractive surgery | |||||
| No | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| Yes | 0.5449 | 1.724 | (1.588, 1.874) | 166.8826 | < 0.0001 |
| Arthritis | |||||
| No | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| Yes | 0.5060 | 1.659 | (1.483, 1.857) | 77.8043 | < 0.0001 |
| Thyroid diseases | |||||
| No | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| Yes | 0.2502 | 1.284 | (1.139, 1.449) | 16.6104 | < 0.0001 |
| Antihistamine | |||||
| No | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| Yes | 0.4004 | 1.492 | (1.321, 1.689) | 40.9029 | < 0.0001 |
| OC | |||||
| No | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| Yes | − 0.3023 | 0.739 | (0.632, 0.865) | 14.3181 | 0.0002 |
| Diuretics | |||||
| No | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| Yes | 0.2087 | 1.232 | (1.061, 1.433) | 7.4087 | 0.0065 |
| DU drugs | |||||
| No | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| Yes | 0.5263 | 1.693 | (1.372, 2.101) | 23.4873 | < 0.0001 |
| Diazepam | |||||
| No | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| Yes | 0.4334 | 1.542 | (1.289, 1.855) | 21.7865 | < 0.0001 |
| CO (days)* | |||||
| < 124 | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| ≥ 124 | − 0.7163 | 0.489 | (0.424, 0.563) | 97.1635 | < 0.0001 |
| NO2 (days)* | |||||
| < 150 | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| ≥ 150 | − 0.1010 | 0904 | (0.834, 0.980) | 5.9988 | 0.0143 |
| O3 (days)* | |||||
| < 125 | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| ≥ 125 | 1.3777 | 3.966 | (3.666, 4.293) | 1171.6734 | < 0.0001 |
| PM2.5 (days)* | |||||
| < 143 | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| ≥ 143 | 0.6971 | 2.008 | (1.789, 2.255) | 139.8619 | < 0.0001 |
| SO2 (days)* | |||||
| < 101 | Ref | Ref | – | – | – |
| ≥ 101 | 0.4941 | 1.639 | (1.503, 1.788) | 123.9515 | < 0.0001 |
