Fig. 5

FXR transfected in HK-2 cell lines suppressed gluconeogenesis and enhanced glucose uptake. a–c Western blot and real-time PCR analysis of FXR expression in transfected HK-2 cell lines. GAPDH was used as a loading control for the two analyses. The relative mRNA and protein expression of FXR was calculated by normalizing the FXR optical density against GAPDH. d Immunofluorescence analysis of FXR expression in the experimental cell lines. Strong cytoplasmic staining was observed with cells that were transfected with the pCMV-FXR but not the vector-transfected cells or normal HK-2 cells. The high expression of FXR could upregulate the mRNA expression of SHP1 (e) and GLUT2 (g) in HK-2 cells, but the mRNA levels of PEPCK were clearly downregulated at the same time (f). Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3 per group). *P < 0.05 vs. the control group