From: Serum protein signature of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Variables (characteristics at study visit) | Control (n = 26) | T2DM (n = 53) | CAD (n = 21) | T2DM_CAD (n = 27) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Units (picogram/ml) | ||||
C.peptide | 1911.5 (1053.7–3071.3) | 1705.3 (1041.0–2078.9) | 2172.2 (1718.0–2780.3)b** | 2874.2 (1965.5–3647.3)a*b***c |
Ghrelin | 473.0 (346.8–662.8) | 494.2 (339.4–676.0) | 624.0 (562.4–809.3)a**,b** | 588.5 (449.7–687.5) |
GIP | 642.4 (544.9–1005.2) | 419.5 (212.1–824.9)a** | 386.7 (280.6–556.6)a*** | 631.4 (534.4–933.6) b*, c*** |
GLP-1 | 170.7 (147.9–182.8) | 173.9 (152.3–177.8) | 177.0 (144.18–195.56) | 194.4 (175.1–237.4)a*,b***,c** |
Glucagon | 201.4 (181.2–219.0) | 169.25 (132.33–212.71)a** | 178.02 (143.45–201.81) | 202.04 (154.61–262.69) |
Insulin | 1092.4 (474.2–1493.1) | 1206.1 (600.8–1620.4) | 1003.4 (487.7–1275.0) | 1660.9 (1274.7–2213.7)a**,b***,c*** |
Leptin | 6918.8 (2888.0–10,986.4) | 6532 (4215–9704) | 2567 (1771–5338)a***,b*** | 5186 (3364–6006)b* |
Resistin | 4165 (3282–6456) | 6610 (4447–7617)a** | 8034 (7032–12,190)a*** | 7193 (6480–8299)a*** |
Visfatin | 1741.2 (974.2–2162.1) | 1786.8 (1155.0–2440.7) | 2090.4 (1677.3–2479.1) | 2088 (1484–3302) |
IL.1b | 1.9 (1.390–2.440) | 2.1 (1.770–2.560) | 2.1 (1.986–2.357) | 2.4 (1.950–4.160)a* |
IL.1ra | 107.46 (52.42–141.12) | 93.93 (48.51–155.91) | 99.41 (43.98–120.18) | 88.38 (46.15–150.37) |
IL.4 | 10.55 (8.24–13.96) | 11.18 (9.45–14.05) | 11.30 (9.32–13.44) | 10.9 (7.935–14.450) |
IL.5 | 3.4 (1.500–5.497) | 3.3 (1.860–4.770) | 3.0 (1.365–4.735) | 3.6 (1.998–4.985) |
IL.6 | 11.4 (8.22–12.84) | 10.0 (6.21–13.11) | 13.4 (9.955–18.607) | 14.6 (8.662–19.793)b*** |
IL.8 | 23.56 (13.94–37.74) | 23.71 (13.33–33.07) | 32.90 (20.59–114.59) | 31.93 (20.39–41.76) |
IL.9 | 10.8 (6.7–14.3) | 11.7 (8.18–15.00) | 10.6 (6.8–13.6) | 11.2 (6.8–13.8) |
IL.10 | 12.8 (7.5–19.3) | 12.58 (6.08–15.84) | 13.18 (11.89–16.58) | 12.2 (8.082–14.399) |
IL.12 | 42.77 (21.95–57.14) | 45.54 (23.87–64.72) | 47.52 (19.54–61.02) | 44.97 (26.96–70.29) |
IL.13 | 34.43 (20.34–47.57) | 25.03 (15.29–41.08) | 23.31 (11.34–34.86) | 28.30 (16.23–51.08) |
IL.17 | 44.84 (12.22–72.68) | 41.96 (11.48–67.74) | 29.1 (3.493–86.780) | 43.09 (12.29–70.50) |
Eotaxin | 93.00 (71.26–113.32) | 103.12 (81.47–131.97) | 113.61 (93.62–136.47)a** | 117.12 (93.48–137.64)a* |
FGF-basic | 10.7 (6.7–14.0) | 7.8 (2.2–11.6) | 10.0 (3.9–17.0) | 10.4 (7.8–16.03) |
G.CSF | 33.34 (16.97–42.09) | 28.25 (14.07–43.22) | 32.56 (9.12–50.43) | 28.65 (10.34–55.58) |
GM.CSF | 56.39 (43.78–71.12) | 34.28 (31.98–42.17)a*** | 46.60 (38.05–53.55)a**b** | 37.55 (31.76–47.39)a* |
IFN.g | 90.68 (36.40–121.04) | 83.60 (41.74–105.83) | 97.21 (51.86–127.01) | 114.56 (80.46–148.43) |
IP.10 | 903.2 (669.0–1064.8) | 974.3 (659.3–1283.5) | 1253.4 (909.5–1638.2)a*,b** | 962.6 (768.0–1053.7)c*** |
MCP.1 | 53.53 (48.38–66.22) | 48.41 (33.02–54.22) | 50.42 (41.04–55.04) | 48.12 (30.85–62.78) |
PDGF.BB | 5050.9 (1063.8–7555.0) | 6681.0 (4669–8509) | 6911.0 (6572–8468)a** | 6595.2 (3097.8–8398.9) |
MIP.1b | 101.97 (41.72–135.60) | 76.42 (53.49–159.02) | 123.97 (73.31–190.44) | 120.22 (71.64–139.01) |
Rantes | 15,219 (7372–18,183) | 14,305 (12,526–15,954) | 13,552 (11,212–16,808) | 13,248 (11,908–17,131) |
TNF.alpha | 34.60 (27.94–41.50) | 33.87 (21.26–44.26) | 37.66 (28.55–53.59) | 40.73 (33.78–63.81)a*,b** |
VEGF | 114.50 (54.65–188.68) | 127.74 (65.32–181.43) | 134.96 (51.93–225.07) | 132.70 (72.67–207.03) |
Units (ng/ml) | ||||
Adiponectin | 8975.2 (6466.4–9677.6) | 8447.2 (5549.6–10,786.6) | 10,033.5 (8561.3–14,092.3) | 10,146.4 (5094.9–19,997.5) a |
Adipsin | 5809.8 (3823.6–6947.1) | 6747.1 (4480.8–7179.4) | 8070.2 (5327.3–15,827.5)a***,b** | 7261.2 (6133.7–9968.0)a***,b** |
Lipocalin-2 | 197.3 (155.27–259.00) | 262.6 (187.87–344.5)a** | 318.8 (249.7–395.3)a***,b b | 294.2 (123.39–455.10)a |
PAI.1 | 138.7 (114.2–146.4) | 120.7 (82.2–162.0) | 172.7 (132.9–329.9)a***,b*** | 96.9 (68.2–139.4)a*, c*** |
Apo.AI | 1405.5 (1068.6–1621.2) | 1209.5 (895.8–1383.1)a | 1604.6 (1231.9–2491.4)b*** | 1635.3 (1016.6–2385.6)b** |
Apo.AII | 307.2 (249.4–351.1) | 266.5 (222.0–299.1) | 360.0 (286.1–474.6)b*** | 352.7 (240.4–602.3)b* |
Apo.B | 120.4 (79.3–191.5) | 109.3 (69.6–130.3) | 156.8 (87.3–246.7)b** | 136.3 (79.9–283.1) |
Apo.CII | 63.54 (47.87–82.56) | 68.07 (43.92–81.36) | 99.8 (73.05–141.21)a***, b*** | 83.10 (37.45–114.26) |
Apo.CIII | 326.5 (218.8–483.4) | 247.32 (157.2–319.7) | 357.5 (247.5–564.8)b** | 329.0 (149.4–381.1) |
Apo.E | 91.0 (65.5–105.0) | 76.6 (59.1–86.7) | 102.5 (75.4–176.1)b*** | 97.8 (49.9–124.0)b |