Fig. 3

Predictive capability comparisons between HLPMDA and ten classical models of disease-miRNA association prediction (PBMDA, MCMDA, MaxFlow, HGIMDA, RLSMDA, HDMP, WBSMDA, MirAI, MIDP, and RWRMDA) in terms of ROC curve and AUC based on local and global LOOCV, respectively. As a result, HLPMDA achieved AUCs of 0.9232 and 0.8437 in the global and local LOOCV, significantly outperforming all the previous classical models