Fig. 5

The effect of changing various immune-related parameters, namely a \(d_{t}\), b \(a_{i}\), c \(d_{i}\), d M, e \(h_{i}\), f \(k_{ei}\), g \(f_{i}R_{i}\), on the cancer detection times calculated based on the cut-off thresholds for the tumour biomarkers (\(D_{T}^{t}\); blue circles) and the immune biomarkers (\(D_{T}^{i}\); red diamonds). The vertical dashed lines denote the baseline parameter values, as listed in Table 2