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Table 3 Serial measurements of the left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic parameters

From: Porcine model of progressive cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis with secondary postcapillary pulmonary hypertension

 

Baseline

3 months FUP

5 months FUP

HYPI (n = 7)

Control (n = 5)

HYPI (n = 7)

Control (n = 5)

HYPI (n = 7)

Control (n = 5)

Invasive pressure–volume loop measurements

 End-diastolic volume (mL)

87 ± 3

81 ± 6

127 ± 13

109 ± 25

133 ± 12

125 ± 10

 End-systolic volume (mL)

38 ± 2

32 ± 7

54 ± 6

44 ± 12

53 ± 11

44 ± 4

 Stroke volume (mL)

49 ± 5

49 ± 4

73 ± 8

65 ± 21

78 ± 9

81 ± 14

 LV ejection fraction (%)

56 ± 4

60 ± 7

58 ± 3

59 ± 9

59 ± 4

65 ± 5

 Stroke work (mmHg*mL)

4497 ± 145

4492 ± 1182

8692 ± 1017*

4813 ± 858

9407 ± 1027*

5335 ± 741

 Cardiac output (L/min)

4.0 ± 0.2

4.4 ± 0.4

5.4 ± 0.8

5.2 ± 0.8

5.8 ± 0.8

5.8 ± 0.8

 LV maximal pressure (mmHg)

105 ± 15

118 ± 14

150 ± 11*

124 ± 15

169 ± 18*

120 ± 5

 LV minimum pressure (mmHg)

5 ± 2

2 ± 5

13 ± 3*

6 ± 2

14 ± 3*

6 ± 2

 LV maximum dP/dt (mmHg/s)

1106 ± 164

1203 ± 155

1693 ± 679

1436 ± 136

1883 ± 384

1594 ± 276

 LV minimum dP/dt (mmHg/s)

−1492 ± 246

−1485 ± 433

−1741 ± 126

−1620 ± 228

−1911 ± 480

−1616 ± 231

 Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

57 ± 9

60 ± 22

82 ± 7*

61 ± 4

91 ± 11*

68 ± 3

 LV maximal dV/dt (mL/s)

428 ± 135

428 ± 58

693 ± 94

592 ± 186

527 ± 89*

425 ± 57

 Arterial elastance (mmHg/mL)

2.4 ± 0.4

2.5 ± 0.2

3.0 ± 0.9

2.5 ± 0.3

3.2 ± 0.7*

2.4 ± 0.2

 Tau (ms)

23.8 ± 6.7

25.7 ± 5.8

32.5 ± 1.9

26.8 ± 3.3

39.1 ± 8.2*

24.9 ± 4.7

MRI at 5 months

 LV end-diastolic volume (mL)

    

128 ± 16

109 ± 12

 LV end-systolic volume (mL)

    

52 ± 10

38 ± 8

 LV stroke volume (mL)

    

76 ± 12

72 ± 10

 LV ejection fraction (%)

    

59 ± 6

66 ± 6

 LV mass (g)

    

151 ± 27

95 ± 17

 RV end-diastolic volume (mL)

    

97 ± 13*

78 ± 5

 RV end-systolic volume (mL)

    

53 ± 15

37 ± 4

 RV ejection fraction (%)

    

47 ± 10

52 ± 6

 RV mass (g)

    

82 ± 9

57 ± 6

 LV peak filling rate (mL/s)

    

349 ± 114*

514 ± 81

  1. Data were collected using invasive pressure measurements with pressure–volume loop catheter in hypertrophic pigs (HYPI) and in controls
  2. Italics Parameters characterizing LV hypertrophy
  3. LV left ventricular, RA right atrial, RV right ventricular
  4. * p < 0.01 for pressure–volume loop and MRI parameter (ANOVA after Bonferroni correction) between the groups at the same time point