Table 1 The baseline characteristics of the study populations

Healthy control

32

62 (56–66)

18 (56.3%)

3 (3–5)

Sepsis patients

62

65 (56–75.25)

35 (56.5%)

10 (9–12)

P < 0.001(severe sepsis vs sepsis)

Severe sepsis patients

167

65 (55–74)

101 (60.5%)

15 (12–20)

Sepsis-induced ARDS

73

64 (53.5-72)

45 (61.6%)

16 (13–21)

P = 0.002 (ARDS vs non-ARDS)

Non-ARDS

94

65 (56–76)

56 (59.6%)

14 (12–16.5)

Septic shock

54

66 (56–76)

33 (61.1%)

17.5 (14–21)

P = 0.003 (shock vs non-shock)

Non-septic shock

113

65 (55–71)

68 (60.2%)

14 (12–17)

Survivor

98

65 (56–74)

93 (60.2%)

12 (14–16)

P < 0.001 (survivor vs non-survivor)

Non-survivor

69

65 (47–73)

42 (60.9%)

18 (14–21)

Gram positive

42

63 (54.5-73)

24 (57.1%)

15 (12–20)

P = 0.94 (G⁺ vs G⁻)

Gram negative

56

65 (54.25-74.75)

30 (60.7%)

15 (12–19)