Figure 10

Proposed mechanisms underlying the genetic deletion of DPP4 or therapeutic effect of sitagliptin on protecting heart from acute ischemia-reperfusion injury. IR = ischemia-reperfusion; GLP-1 = glycogen-like peptide-1; DDP4 = dipeptidyl peptidase 4; HO-1 = heme oxygense-1; NQO 1 = NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1; c-PARP = cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase; c-Csp 3 = caspase 3; Cyto-Cyt C = cytosolic cytochrome C; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor alpha; MMP-9 = matrix metalloproteinase 9; NF-κB = nuclear factor κB; ICAM-1 = intercellular adhesion molecule 1; SDF-1 = stromal cell-derived factor 1; LVEDd = left ventricular end diastolic dimension; LVESd = left ventricular systolic dimension; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction.