Table 1 Cathepsin classification

Cathepsin G

Protease activated receptors (PARs), elastin collagen, fibronectin,

Immune complex mediated inflammation, production of angiotensin II, degradation of ECM

SrpA3

[10]-[12]

Cathepsin A

Bioactive peptides (Endothelin 1, oxytocin, substance P, angiotensin 1)

Autophagy, elastic fiber formation, platelet activation

[13]

Cathepsin D

Antiapoptotic molecules (Bid, Bax, caspase-8)

Protein degradation in an acidic milieu of lysosomes

[4],[13],[14]

Cathepsin E

Antigen presentation

[13]

Cathepsin B

Plasminogen, collagen, antiapoptotic molecules (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, and XIAP)

Protein catabolism, processing of antigens hormone activation and bone turnover

Cys C

[5],[7],[13]-[15]

Cathepsin C

Hydrolyze dipeptide esters, amides and beta-naphtylamides

Cys C

[13]

Cathepsin F

elastolytic activity

Antigen presenting

Cys C

[7],[13]

Cathepsin H

elastolytic activity

Endopeptidase activity

Cys C

[5],[13],[16]

Cathepsin K

Elastin, collagen

Bone remodeling, elastolytic and collagenolytic activity

Cys C

[4],[5],[7],[13],[15]-[18]

Cathepsin L

Prohormones, MHC class II, trypsinogen, laminin fibronectin,, collagen

Keratinocyte differentiation, protein turnover, antigen presentation, elastolytic and collagenolytic activity

Cys C

[4],[5],[7],[13],[14],[17]

Cathepsin S

Elastin, collagen, fibronectin, laminin, MHC class II

Protein degradation, elastolytic and collagenolytic activity, invariant chain II degradation

Cys C

[4],[5],[7],[13],[15],[19]

Cathepsin V

elastolytic activity

Production of enkephalin and neuropeptide Y

[7],[13],[17]

Cathepsin W

Cell-mediated cytotoxicity

[13]

Cathepsin X

Phagocytosis, regulation of immune responses

[13]

Cathepsin Z

Protein degradation

[13]