Our findings conclude that immune suppression is not needed for a successful transplant of cord blood
Norman Ende, UMDNJ
2 May 2007
In essence, we strongly agree with Dr. Thomas Ichim’s January 30, 2007 review article “Cord Blood in regenerative medicine: do we need immune suppression?”. Since 2000, our laboratory has produced positive clinical responses after administering unaltered cord blood mononuclear cells to animal models including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 1, 2, Huntington’s Disease3, Diabetes I and II4-6, Alzheimer’s 7and Parkinson’s8, Lupus9, Prostate Cancer12, and Atherosclerosis13 all without the use of immunosuppressant.
In our initial research, outlined in our 2000 ALS paper2, we used radiation, but found immunosuppressant was unnecessary10. All the animal models of human diseases, treated only with cord blood mononuclear cells, without immunosuppressant, have since had appropriate clinical improvement. Only one of several hundred HUCB treated animals has developed evidence of GVHD.
The first cord blood transplantation, nearly 40 years ago on a leukemia patient, administered multiple units and only minimal immunosuppressant for that time11. We believe that cord blood has some stem cells that are so immature they are not recognized by the host as foreign, yet are totipotent 9,10 .
Sincerely,
Norman Ende, MD
Reference:
1. Chen R, Ende N. The potential for the use of mononuclear cells from human umbilical cord blood in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in SOD1 mice. J Med 2000;31(1-2):21-30.
2. Ende N, Weinstein F, Chen R, Ende M. Human umbilical cord blood effect on sod mice (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). Life Sci 2000;67(1):53-9.
Abstract
Ende N, Chen R, Weinstein F, Bagtas-Ricafort L, Ende M: Human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) and effect on sod mice (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) Modern Pathology, Vol.13, 2000.
3. Ende N, Chen R. Human umbilical cord blood cells ameliorate Huntington's disease in transgenic mice. J Med 2001;32(3-4):231-40.
Abstract
Ende N, Chen R. The effect of a megadose of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells on Huntington disease mice. Am. J Clin Path 114 (4), 2000.
4. Ende N, Chen R, Mack R. NOD/LtJ type I diabetes in mice and the effect of stem cells (Berashis) derived from human umbilical cord blood. J Med 2002;33(1-4):181-7.
Abstract
Ende N, Chen R. Human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells and mice with type I diabetes. Am. Jr. of Clin Path. #37:629, 2002.
5. Ende N, Chen R, Reddi AS. Effect of human umbilical cord blood cells on glycemia and insulitis in type 1 diabetic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004;325(3):665-9.
6. Ende N, Chen R, Reddi AS. Transplantation of human umbilical cord blood cells improves glycemia and glomerular hypertrophy in type 2 diabetic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004;321(1):168-71.
Abstract
Ende, N., Chen R., Reddi A.S. Transplantation of Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells on Mouse Animal Model B6.V-Lepob Type 2 Diabetes. Am J Cln Patho, 2004; 112:625-661.
7. Ende N, Chen R, Ende-Harris D. Human umbilical cord blood cells ameliorate Alzheimer's disease in transgenic mice. J Med 2001;32(3-4):241-7.
Abstract
Ende N, Chen R, Ende-Harris D: The effect of megadose of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells on Alzheimer’s disease mice. Mod Path, 14(1):207A, 2001.
8. Ende N, Chen R. Parkinson's disease mice and human umbilical cord blood. J Med 2002;33(1-4):173-80.
Abstract
Ende N, Chen R. Effect of human umbilical cord blood on mice with Parkinson's disease. Am Jr. of Clin. Path. Vol 36:629, 2002.
9. Ende N, Czarneski J, Raveche E. Effect of human cord blood transfer on survival and disease activity in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1995;75(2):190-5.
Abstract
Czarneski J, Ende N, Smith I and Raveche ES: The hematopoietic effects of human cord blood and irradiation in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. Acta Haematologica, 10th Symposium on Molecular Bio. Of Hematopoiesis and Treatment of Leukemias and Lymphomas 98. Supplement 1 (122), 1997.
10. Ende N. The Berashis cell: a review--is it similar to the embryonic stem cell? J Med 2000;31(3-4):113-30.
11. Ende M, Ende N. Hematopoietic transplantation by means of fetal (cord) blood. A new method. Va Med Mon (1918) 1972;99(3):276-80.
12. Ende N, Chen R, Reddi AS. Administration of human umbilical cord blood cells delays the onset of prostate cancer and increases the lifespan of the TRAMP mouse. Cancer Lett 2006;231(1):123-8.
Abstract
Ende N., and Chen R. “Umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells effect prostate cancer in TRAMP mice” Am J Cln Patho; 112:625-661, 2004
Abstract
13. Ende N, Ende M., Chen R., Coakley K., Reddi A. Human Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Administration’s Reduction of Atherosclerotic Plaques in the Ldlr tm1Her Mouse without Immunospuression. Arch Pathol Lab Med— Vol 130, September 2006.
Our findings conclude that immune suppression is not needed for a successful transplant of cord blood
2 May 2007
In essence, we strongly agree with Dr. Thomas Ichim’s January 30, 2007 review article “Cord Blood in regenerative medicine: do we need immune suppression?”. Since 2000, our laboratory has produced positive clinical responses after administering unaltered cord blood mononuclear cells to animal models including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 1, 2, Huntington’s Disease3, Diabetes I and II4-6, Alzheimer’s 7and Parkinson’s8, Lupus9, Prostate Cancer12, and Atherosclerosis13 all without the use of immunosuppressant.
In our initial research, outlined in our 2000 ALS paper2, we used radiation, but found immunosuppressant was unnecessary10. All the animal models of human diseases, treated only with cord blood mononuclear cells, without immunosuppressant, have since had appropriate clinical improvement. Only one of several hundred HUCB treated animals has developed evidence of GVHD.
The first cord blood transplantation, nearly 40 years ago on a leukemia patient, administered multiple units and only minimal immunosuppressant for that time11. We believe that cord blood has some stem cells that are so immature they are not recognized by the host as foreign, yet are totipotent 9,10 .
Sincerely,
Norman Ende, MD
Reference:
1. Chen R, Ende N. The potential for the use of mononuclear cells from human umbilical cord blood in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in SOD1 mice. J Med 2000;31(1-2):21-30.
2. Ende N, Weinstein F, Chen R, Ende M. Human umbilical cord blood effect on sod mice (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). Life Sci 2000;67(1):53-9.
Abstract
Ende N, Chen R, Weinstein F, Bagtas-Ricafort L, Ende M: Human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) and effect on sod mice (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) Modern Pathology, Vol.13, 2000.
3. Ende N, Chen R. Human umbilical cord blood cells ameliorate Huntington's disease in transgenic mice. J Med 2001;32(3-4):231-40.
Abstract
Ende N, Chen R. The effect of a megadose of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells on Huntington disease mice. Am. J Clin Path 114 (4), 2000.
4. Ende N, Chen R, Mack R. NOD/LtJ type I diabetes in mice and the effect of stem cells (Berashis) derived from human umbilical cord blood. J Med 2002;33(1-4):181-7.
Abstract
Ende N, Chen R. Human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells and mice with type I diabetes. Am. Jr. of Clin Path. #37:629, 2002.
5. Ende N, Chen R, Reddi AS. Effect of human umbilical cord blood cells on glycemia and insulitis in type 1 diabetic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004;325(3):665-9.
6. Ende N, Chen R, Reddi AS. Transplantation of human umbilical cord blood cells improves glycemia and glomerular hypertrophy in type 2 diabetic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004;321(1):168-71.
Abstract
Ende, N., Chen R., Reddi A.S. Transplantation of Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells on Mouse Animal Model B6.V-Lepob Type 2 Diabetes. Am J Cln Patho, 2004; 112:625-661.
7. Ende N, Chen R, Ende-Harris D. Human umbilical cord blood cells ameliorate Alzheimer's disease in transgenic mice. J Med 2001;32(3-4):241-7.
Abstract
Ende N, Chen R, Ende-Harris D: The effect of megadose of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells on Alzheimer’s disease mice. Mod Path, 14(1):207A, 2001.
8. Ende N, Chen R. Parkinson's disease mice and human umbilical cord blood. J Med 2002;33(1-4):173-80.
Abstract
Ende N, Chen R. Effect of human umbilical cord blood on mice with Parkinson's disease. Am Jr. of Clin. Path. Vol 36:629, 2002.
9. Ende N, Czarneski J, Raveche E. Effect of human cord blood transfer on survival and disease activity in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1995;75(2):190-5.
Abstract
Czarneski J, Ende N, Smith I and Raveche ES: The hematopoietic effects of human cord blood and irradiation in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. Acta Haematologica, 10th Symposium on Molecular Bio. Of Hematopoiesis and Treatment of Leukemias and Lymphomas 98. Supplement 1 (122), 1997.
10. Ende N. The Berashis cell: a review--is it similar to the embryonic stem cell? J Med 2000;31(3-4):113-30.
11. Ende M, Ende N. Hematopoietic transplantation by means of fetal (cord) blood. A new method. Va Med Mon (1918) 1972;99(3):276-80.
12. Ende N, Chen R, Reddi AS. Administration of human umbilical cord blood cells delays the onset of prostate cancer and increases the lifespan of the TRAMP mouse. Cancer Lett 2006;231(1):123-8.
Abstract
Ende N., and Chen R. “Umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells effect prostate cancer in TRAMP mice” Am J Cln Patho; 112:625-661, 2004
Abstract
13. Ende N, Ende M., Chen R., Coakley K., Reddi A. Human Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Administration’s Reduction of Atherosclerotic Plaques in the Ldlr tm1Her Mouse without Immunospuression. Arch Pathol Lab Med— Vol 130, September 2006.
Competing interests
None declared