Table 1 Characteristics of subsets of regulatory T cell (Treg)
From: Subsets of regulatory T cells and their roles in allergy
Subset | Specific marker | Secretory products | Actions | Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|
nTreg | CD4, CD25, Foxp3 | IL-10, TGF-β | Block T cell proliferation, suppression of DCs, inhibition of effector Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells; eliminate production of allergen-specific IgE, induce IgG4 secretion; suppress mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils; interact with resident tissue cells and participate tissue remodeling [12] | Thymus [9] |
ICOS(+) Treg | CD4, CD25, Foxp3, ICOS | IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ | Suppress hapten-reactive CD8(+) T cells [15] | Generated from nTregs |
iTreg | CD4, Foxp3 | IL-10, TGF-β | Similar to nTreg [16] | Periphery |
Tr1 | CD4, CD25 | IL-10 | Suppress effector Th cell migration and functions [4]; suppress mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils [8] | Generated from non-Treg cell precursors and home lungs and draining lymph nodes [18] |
CD8(+)Treg | CD8, Foxp3, CD25 (not for tonsil origin), CD28 | IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, GB | Block activation of naive or effector T cells; suppress IgG/IgE antibody responses [9], IL-4 expression and the proliferation of CD4(+) T cells [19]. | Generated from OT-1 CD8 cells [9]and tonsils |
IL-17-producing Foxp3 (+) Treg | CD4, Foxp3,CCR6,RORGTF | IL-17 | Inhibit the proliferation of CD4(+) effector T cells [10]. | Differentiated from CD4(+)Foxp3(+)CCR6(-) Tregs in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue [10] |