Figure 2

Effects of rAAV-mediated TGF-β expression upon the proliferative and anti-apoptotic activities in human normal and OA chondrocytes in vitro and in situ . Cells and explants were transduced with rAAV-lacZ or rAAV-hTGF-β as described in Figure 1 and maintained in culture for 21 days in vitro and for 90 days in situ. The samples were then fixed and histologically processed to detect the incorporation of BrdU by immunolabeling (A) (in vitro: magnification x2; in situ: magnification x10) and to monitor apoptotic events by TUNEL assay (B) (magnification x10). View of the middle zone.