Fig. 4

Effects of PSELT on cardiomyocytes hypertrophy induced by isoproterenol in vitro. A Morphological staining of H9c2 cells exposed to vehicle (saline, NaCl 0.9%) indicated as a CTRL, isoproterenol (ISO) (100 µM), ISO + PSELT and PSELT (5 nM) for 48 h and relative quantification of cell surface area performed by ImageJ. Scale bars: 25 μm. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Significant differences were detected by one-way ANOVA and Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test. ***p < 0.001. Evaluation of mRNA expression levels of B NppA (ANP) and C NppB (BNP), by qPCR in H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to vehicle (CTRL), ISO, ISO + PSELT and PSELT for 48 h. Samples were analyzed in duplicate (n = 3 independent experiments). The relative mRNA expression levels of the hypertrophic genes were normalized to 18S rRNA. Fold change is calculated on the basis of the 2^−ΔΔCT. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Significant differences were detected by one-way ANOVA and Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. D Morphological staining of H9c2 cells exposed to vehicle (saline, NaCl 0.9%) indicated as a CTRL, isoproterenol (ISO) (100 µM), ISO + I-PSELT and I-PSELT (5 nM) for 48 h and relative quantification of cell size performed by ImageJ. Scale bars: 25 μm. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM and significant differences were detected by one-way ANOVA and Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test. **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001