Fig. 9

Integrated human bulk- and scRNA-seq data revealing potential prenatal diagnostic markers of NTDs. A Integration of bulk-seq data of human primary AFCs with scRNA-seq data of human macrophages. The Scissor + designation represents a positive association with NTDs, while Scissor- signifies the opposite. Cells with no identified correlation were defined as Background. B Proportion of human primary AFCs-integrated cells with different correlations in each phenotypically related subtype of macrophages. C Integration of bulk-seq data of human cell-free AF with scRNA-seq data of human macrophages. D Proportion of human cell-free AF- integrated cells with different correlations in each phenotypically related subtype of macrophages. E Integration of bulk-seq data of human primary AFCs with scRNA-seq data of human neural cells. F Proportion of human primary AFCs-integrated cells with different correlations in each phenotypically related subtype of human neural cells. G Integration of bulk-seq data of human cell-free AF with scRNA-seq data of human neural cells. H Pseudobulk DEGs analysis of scRNA-seq data from cultured human AFCs. I DEGs analysis of bulk-seq data from human cell-free AF. J DEGs analysis of bulk-seq data from human primary AFCs. K Venn diagram displaying DEGs shared in different contexts of human AF. L GO enrichment analysis of 15 candidate genes for prenatal diagnosis. M Expression patterns of the 15 candidate genes for prenatal diagnosis in human AFCs at single-cell resolution