Fig. 6

Transcriptomic analysis reveals HFHS diet-induced dysregulations in ovarian steroid hormone synthesis and glucolipid metabolism. A PCA of RNA-seq from control and HFHS mice ovaries (n = 4 for each group). B Volcano plot of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in ovary RNA-seq. Up-regulated genes are shown in red and down-regulated genes are shown in blue. C, D Bubble diagrams for the top 20 gene ontology (GO; C) and KEGG (D) pathway enrichments of the HFHS transcriptomes. The bubble size represents the number of enriched genes, and the bubble color represents the significant magnitude of target gene enrichment. E Heatmap of genes involved in ovarian steroid hormone biosynthesis in the RNA-seq data (n = 4). F Relative mRNA expression levels of Star, Cyp17a1, Cyp11a1, Cyp19a1, Hsd3b1, and HSd17b1 in ovaries of control and HFHS mice (n = 5). G Schematic diagram illustrating the changes in steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway in HFHS mice. Genes in red rectangular boxes are significantly up-regulated and those in blue boxes are significantly down-regulated in the HFHS transcriptomes. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, ns = not statistically significant, *P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001