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Table 2 Heterogeneity and pleiotropy test of Mendelian randomization studies

From: Genetic evidence of the causal relationship between chronic liver diseases and musculoskeletal disorders

Exposure

Outcome

Cochran’s Q test

MR-Egger

IVW (P value)

MR-Egger (P value)

Intercept

P value

PSC

FA-BMD

0.086

0.067

0.0081

0.633

PSC

ALL OA

0.183

0.158

− 0.0024

0.547

HCC

Grip strength

0.755

0.808

0.0021

0.239

  1. IVW: inverse-variance weighted; PSC: primary sclerosing cholangitis; FA-BMD: forearm bone mineral density; ALL OA: any site osteoarthritis; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma