From: Resurgence of syphilis: focusing on emerging clinical strategies and preclinical models
Gene (ORF number) | Protein name | Protein description | Immunoreactivity with syphilis sera (ELISA test ratio)a | Immunoreactivity with syphilis sera (2DGE immunoblot)b | Seroreactivity at syphilis stages | Sensitivity/specificity (%) | detection method | Published (year) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inner membrane lipoproteins | |||||||||
 tp0171 | Tp15 | 15 kDa lipoprotein | None | +++ | All stages | 100/100 | Western blot | 2001 | [14] |
 tp0435 | Tp17 | 17 kDa lipoprotein | 9.6–16.6 | +++ | All stages | 96/100 | western blot | 2001 | [14] |
 tp0574 | Tp47 | 47 kDa penicillin- binding protein, carboxypeptidase | 2.9–10.0 | +++ | All stages primary and secondary syphilis | 100/20 79.8/95.3 | western blot PCR | 2001 2015 | [14] [16] |
 tp0768 | TmpA | 44.5 kDa lipoprotein | 8.2–15.3 | +++ | All stages | 76–100/99.6 | ELISA/western blot | 1989/2001 | |
 tp0319 | TmpC | 35 kDa lipoprotein, purine nucleoside receptor A lipoprotein | 2.8–6.2 | +/++ | All stages | 100/100 | – | 1996 | [108] |
 tp0684 | Tp38 | 38 kDa lipoprotein, methylgalactoside ABC transporter, galactose/glucose-binding lipoprotein | 6.8–19.0 | +++ | All stages | – | ELISA | 2004 | [109] |
 tp0821 | Tp32 | 32 kDa lipoprotein, l-methionine-binding lipoprotein | 1.0–1.7 | None | All stages | 91.0–98.3/94.3–100 | ELISA | 2016 | [12] |
Surface-exposed and outer membrane associated proteins | |||||||||
 tp0897 | TprK | Heterogenic antigen variable by gene conversion | None | None | – | – | ELISA | 2004/2014 | |
 tp0663 | TROMP-2 | 28-kDa outer membrane protein, FlaA homolog | 0.8–1.9 | None | All stages | 98.83/100 | ELISA | 2016 | [10] |
 tp0326 | Tp92 | BamA (β-barrel assembly machinery protein A) ortholog | 1.2–2.6 | None | Mostly at primary stage; lower reactivity in secondary and early latent stage | 86/99 98/97 | ELISA | 2013/2003 | |
 tp0453 | Tp0453 | Proposed carrier of lipids and glycolipids | None | +/++ | – | 98/100 100/100 | ELISA | 2013/2003 | |
Adhesins | |||||||||
 tp0155 | Tp0155 | Binds to the matrix form of fibronectin and exhibit peptidase enzymatic activity | None | None | low reactive at primary stage | –/27.9 | ELISA | 2003 | [7] |
 tp0483 | Tp0483 | Binds to both the soluble and matrix forms of fibronectin | None | None | Low reactive at primary stage | –/41.8 | ELISA | 2003 | [7] |
 tp0751 | Tp0751 | 25.8 kDa protein; it binds to laminin and exhibits metalloprotease activity | None | None | – | –/41.8 | ELISA | 2003 | [7] |
Putative periplasmic proteins | |||||||||
 tp0257 | Gpd | Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase, binds Fc-fragment of human IgA, IgD, and IgG immunoglobulins | 3.0–7.3 | None | All stages | 91/93 | ELISA | 2003 | [7] |
 tp1038 | TpF1 | Bacterioferritin, homodecamer from 19-kDa subunits | 0.8–2.2 | +++ | All stages | 93–100/100 | ELISA | 2013 | [8] |
Flagellar proteins | |||||||||
 tp0868 | FlaB1 | Flagellar filament 34.5-kDa core protein | None | +++ | All stages | 95.4/98.9 | ELISA | 1993 | [13] |
 tp0792 | FlaB2 | Flagellar filament 33-kDa core protein | None | +++ | All stages | 92.6/95.8 | ELISA | 1993 | [13] |
 tp0870 | FlaB3 | Flagellar filament 31-kDa core protein | None | +++ | All stages | 95.1/95.8 | ELISA | 1993 | [13] |