Table 1 Bone formation, biodistribution and persistence of MSCs

New bone formation detected throughout the medullary cavity

6 weeks

0/3

0/8

1/4

5/8

2/4

3/4

Follow-up of MSC biodistribution and persistence (IVIS bioimaging)

48 h

–

–

–

–

4/4

4/4

2 weeks

–

–

–

–

1/4

2/2

6 weeks

–

–

–

–

0/4

1/4

MSC biodistribution (amplification of human specific Alu sequences)

Brain

–

–

0/4

0/7

1/4

0/4

Heart

–

–

0/4

0/7

0/4

1/4

Lung

–

–

2/4

4/7

2/4

3/4

Liver

–

–

0/4

0/7

0/4

0/4

Spleen

–

–

0/4

0/7

0/4

1/3

Kidney

–

–

0/4

0/7

0/4

1/4

Gonads

–

–

0/4

0/7

2/4

0/3

Persistence of MSCs in the injection site (human COXIV immunostaining)

6 weeks

–

–

3/4

8/8

2/4

3/4