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Table 3 Interaction effects of VDR polymorphisms on the inverse association between high 25(OH)D and cardiocerebrovascular outcomes in prediabetic individuals

From: Cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes according to vitamin D level and genetic variants among individuals with prediabetes: a prospective study

 

Genotype

Adjusted HR (95% CI)

P for interaction

Myocardial infarction

 rs731236 (TaqI)

GG / AA

0.92 (0.74, 1.15)

0.91 (0.79, 1.06)

0.255

 rs7975232 (ApaI)

AA / CC

0.86 (0.73, 1.01)

0.94 (0.77, 1.14)

0.776

 rs1544410 (BsmI)

TT / CC

0.91 (0.73, 1.13)

0.90 (0.78, 1.05)

0.311

 rs2228570 (FokI)

GG / AA

0.76 (0.66, 0.88)

0.83 (0.66, 1.03)

0.042

Stroke

 rs731236 (TaqI)

GG / AA

0.59 (0.39, 0.87)

0.92 (0.72, 1.18)

0.167

 rs7975232 (ApaI)

AA / CC

0.57 (0.43, 0.75)

0.90 (0.66, 1.23)

0.304

 rs1544410 (BsmI)

TT / CC

0.55 (0.38, 0.80)

0.92 (0.72, 1.18)

0.129

 rs2228570 (FokI)

GG / AA

0.70 (0.55, 0.90)

0.66 (0.44, 0.98)

0.033

  1. Bold indicates statistically significant (P < 0.05)
  2. HR  hazard ratio, CI  confidence interval, CVD  cardiovascular disease. Cox models were adjusted for sex (female/male), age (continuous), ethnicity (Whites/non-Whites), income (< £18,000/£18,000–30,999/£31,000–51,999/£52,000–100,000/ > £100,000), smoking habits (never/former/current), drinking habits (never/former/current), BMI (continuous), systolic BP (continuous), total cholesterol (continuous), high-density lipoprotein (continuous), serum creatinine (continuous), and the use of vitamin D supplement (yes/no), antihypertensive drugs (yes/no), lipid-regulating drugs (yes/no), and statins (yes/no). HR indicated the risk for per one unit increment in serum 25(OH)D concentration