Fig. 5

 F. nucleatum upregulates MMP7 by activating the MAPK (JNK)-AP1 axis. A Venn diagram showing five overlapping transcription factors in four prediction sets (AnimalTFDB, TRANSFAC PATCH, TRANSFAC MATCH, and PROMO). The binding score of selected transcription factors was evaluated by JASPAR. B GSEA of RNA-seq data comparing the transcriptome of LoVo infected with or without F. nucleatum. C–F Protein expression of CRC cells after PBS treatment, F. nucleatum infection of MOI = 100 (F100) or 500 (F500), or E. coli infection of MOI = 100 measured by western blot (repeated three times). G The mRNA expression of MMP7 and JUN in CRC cells transfected with JUN shRNA lentivirus or control lentivirus (n = 4, One-way ANOVA test). H CRC cells transfected with JUN shRNA lentivirus or control lentivirus, were incubated with or without F. nucleatum. The protein expression was measured by western blot (repeated three times). I The protein level in the nucleus of CRC cells after F. nucleatum or PBS treatment measured by western blot (repeated three times). J LoVo cells were incubated with F. nucleatum or PBS for 2 h, immunofluorescence assay was conducted to show the protein c-Jun in LoVo cells (repeated three times). K The protein expression of CRC cells at 0 h, 4 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after F. nucleatum infection (repeated three times). Data are shown as mean ± SD, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001