Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of the study population
From: Association between life’s essential 8 and biological ageing among US adults
Variable | Total | Low | Moderate | High | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of participants | 11,729 | 1546 (13.18) | 8136 (69.37) | 2047 (17.45) | |
Age, y, mean (SE) | 47.41 (0.36) | 53.25 (0.61) | 48.16 (0.35) | 41.92 (0.54) | < 0.0001 |
Age, n (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
18–39 | 3744 (31.92) | 233 (18.32) | 2482 (33.49) | 1029 (48.79) | |
40–59 | 3965 (33.81) | 596 (45.96) | 2757 (40.80) | 612 (36.48) | |
≥ 60 | 4020 (34.27) | 717 (35.71) | 2897 (25.71) | 406 (14.72) | |
Sex, n (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
Female | 5983 (51.01) | 791 (52.82) | 3934 (48.77) | 1258 (62.04) | |
Male | 5746 (48.99) | 755 (47.18) | 4202 (51.23) | 789 (37.96) | |
Race, n (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
Mexican American | 2084 (17.77) | 216 (6.13) | 1503 (8.07) | 365 (7.41) | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 2155 (18.37) | 431 (16.62) | 1500 (10.08) | 224 ( 5.53) | |
Non-Hispanic White | 6067 (51.73) | 744 (69.51) | 4175 (72.77) | 1148 (75.96) | |
Other Hispanic | 977 (8.33) | 115 (3.78) | 664 (4.15) | 198 (4.59) | |
Other Race | 446 (3.8) | 40 (3.95) | 294 (4.92) | 112 (6.52) | |
Education level, n (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
< High School | 1328 (11.32) | 255 (10.28) | 935 ( 5.72) | 138 ( 3.06) | |
High School | 4617 (39.36) | 795 (51.84) | 3331 (38.18) | 491 (18.84) | |
> High school | 5784 (49.31) | 496 (37.87) | 3870 (56.10) | 1418 (78.10) | |
Marital status, n (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
Divorced/Separated/Widowed | 2605 (22.21) | 516 (30.64) | 1820 (18.32) | 269 (10.75) | |
Married/Living with a partner | 7275 (62.03) | 857 (58.43) | 5121 (67.41) | 1297 (66.30) | |
Never married | 1849 (15.76) | 173 (10.93) | 1195 (14.27) | 481 (22.95) | |
Poverty-to-income ratio, n (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
< 1.3 | 3092 (26.36) | 571 (27.04) | 2113 (17.01) | 408 (11.84) | |
1.3–3.5 | 4226 (36.03) | 566 (39.24) | 3003 (35.46) | 657 (29.02) | |
> 3.5 | 3581 (30.53) | 298 (27.50) | 2440 (42.01) | 843 (53.91) | |
No record | 830 (7.08) | 111 (6.22) | 580 (5.52) | 139 (5.23) | |
Alcohol status, n (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
Never | 1461 (12.46) | 187 ( 9.76) | 969 ( 9.60) | 305 (12.17) | |
Former | 2251 (19.19) | 470 (28.14) | 1577 (16.59) | 204 ( 8.34) | |
Now | 7523 (64.14) | 824 (58.02) | 5254 (70.28) | 1445 (75.27) | |
No record | 494 (4.21) | 65 (4.07) | 336 (3.54) | 93 (4.22) | |
Hypertension | < 0.0001 | ||||
No | 6882 (58.68) | 419 (31.55) | 4676 (61.46) | 1787 (88.76) | |
Yes | 4847 (41.32) | 1127 (68.45) | 3460 (38.54) | 260 (11.24) | |
DM | < 0.0001 | ||||
No | 9940 (84.75) | 921 (65.43) | 7011 (89.71) | 2008 (98.37) | |
Yes | 1789 (15.25) | 625 (34.57) | 1125 (10.29) | 39 ( 1.63) | |
CVD | < 0.0001 | ||||
No | 10,402 (88.69) | 1166 (79.05) | 7269 (91.71) | 1967 (97.06) | |
Yes | 1327 (11.31) | 380 (20.95) | 867 ( 8.29) | 80 ( 2.94) | |
Cancer | 0.13 | ||||
No | 10,583 (90.23) | 1377 (89.23) | 7328 (90.74) | 1878 (91.55) | |
Yes | 1146 (9.77) | 169 (10.77) | 808 ( 9.26) | 169 ( 8.45) | |
Phenotypic age | 42.96 (0.41) | 54.34 (0.69) | 43.83 (0.38) | 34.22 (0.56) | < 0.0001 |
Biological age | 46.75 (0.39) | 57.60 (0.65) | 47.64 (0.39) | 38.26 (0.47) | < 0.0001 |
PhenoAgeAccel | − 4.46 (0.10) | 1.08 (0.26) | − 4.33 (0.11) | − 7.71 (0.14) | < 0.0001 |
BioAgeAccel | − 0.66 (0.12) | 4.35 (0.26) | − 0.53 (0.13) | − 3.67 (0.18) | < 0.0001 |
LE8 scores | 67.71 (0.35) | 42.35 (0.17) | 65.97 (0.16) | 86.49 (0.18) | < 0.0001 |
Health behaviors score | 64.61 (0.47) | 37.85 (0.59) | 62.92 (0.33) | 83.96 (0.33) | < 0.0001 |
HEI-2015 diet score | 39.18 (0.66) | 20.96 (0.82) | 35.49 (0.56) | 60.70 (0.84) | < 0.0001 |
Physical activity score | 67.45 (0.71) | 26.89 (1.38) | 66.79 (0.79) | 90.50 (0.69) | < 0.0001 |
Nicotine exposure score | 69.34 (0.75) | 39.38 (1.39) | 67.24 (0.70) | 91.70 (0.77) | < 0.0001 |
Sleep health score | 82.49 (0.37) | 64.17 (0.87) | 82.18 (0.36) | 92.95 (0.41) | < 0.0001 |
Health factors score | 70.81 (0.31) | 46.86 (0.45) | 69.02 (0.24) | 89.02 (0.28) | < 0.0001 |
Body mass index score | 62.88 (0.57) | 35.00 (1.18) | 60.14 (0.44) | 86.24 (0.63) | < 0.0001 |
Blood lipids score | 62.35 (0.36) | 40.69 (1.04) | 59.75 (0.40) | 82.02 (0.50) | < 0.0001 |
Blood glucose score | 87.62 (0.32) | 64.76 (0.90) | 87.97 (0.30) | 98.26 (0.26) | < 0.0001 |
Blood pressure score | 70.38 (0.49) | 46.98 (0.96) | 68.22 (0.53) | 89.57 (0.55) | < 0.0001 |