Fig. 3

ROC curve evaluations of first-trimester serum biomarkers for PE. A ROC curves for five first-trimester serum cytokines: IL-2Rα (AUC: 0.660, 95% CI 0.529–0.790, P = 0.023), IL-9 (AUC: 0.631, 95% CI 0.499–0.763, P = 0.037), TNF-β (AUC: 0.630, 95% CI 0.497–0.762, P = 0.028), RANTES (AUC: 0.737, 95% CI 0.619–0.855, P = 0.001), and HGF (AUC: 0.632, 95% CI 0.497–0.767, P = 0.039). B ROC curves for five first-trimester serum antibodies: total IgA (AUC: 0.769, 95% CI 0.654–0.885, P < 0.001), total IgM (AUC: 0.878, 95% CI 0.786–0.969, P < 0.001), total IgG (AUC: 0.856, 95% CI 0.767–0.946, P < 0.001), aPS IgG (AUC: 0.784, 95% CI 0.675–0.893, P < 0.001), and aPS-IgG IC (AUC: 0.632, 95% CI 0.498–0.765, P = 0.035). C ROC curves for PlGF (AUC: 0.825, 95% CI 0.726–0.924, P < 0.001) and sFlt-1/PlGF (AUC: 0.670, 95% CI 0.539-0.800, P = 0.011). D The ROC curves for the combined analysis of the top three first-trimester serum biomarkers (including total IgM, total IgG, and PlGF). E ROC curves for the combined analysis of the top four first-trimester serum biomarkers total IgM, total IgG, PlGF, and aPS IgG). F ROC curves for the combined analysis of the top five first-trimester serum biomarkers (total IgM, total IgG, PlGF, aPS IgG, and total IgA) achieved an exceptional predictive value [AUC and 95% CI 0.983 (0.952-1.000), with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 94.1%] for the development of PE. ROC receiver operating characteristic, AUC area under the curve, CI confidence interval, IL-2Rα interleukin-2Rα, IL-9 interleukin-9, TNF-β tumor necrosis factor-β, HGF hepatocyte growth factor, aPS anti-phosphatidylserine, Ig immunoglobulin, IC immune complex, PlGF placental growth factor, sFlt-1 soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase