Table 2 A table summarizing the function of different RGS proteins in female disorders/diseases discussed in this paper

Ovarian carcinoma

RGS2

RGS5

RGS10

RGS17

Accumulation of DNMT1 and class I HDACs

Histone modifications and DNA methylation

To regulate PI3K/AKT survival pathway

[24,25,26, 30, 34]

Hysteromyom

RGS2 RGS6

To reduce the endogenous levels of progesterone

[39, 42, 44]

Gestational hypertension

RGS2

To restrain Gαq signaling in vascular smooth muscle

To regulate Gαi/o signaling in the vascular endothelium

To alter Gαs signaling

[55, 72]

Preeclampsia

RGS2

SNP (rs4606) is correlated with an increased risk in PE development

To activate Gq-coupled AT1 receptors, ANG II can trigger vasoconstriction

To regulate trophoblast cells epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Regulated by hypoxia that contributes to PE

[78, 89, 90]

Postpartum

Depression

RGS2

Knockdown of Rgs2 reinforces the 5-HT levels in hippocampal CA1 neurons

Silencing of Rgs2 accelerates the cAMP pathway activation

[96, 98]

Breast cancer

RGS2

RGS16

miR-183-5p promotes BC progression through RGS2

DNA methylation by microdeletions in the RGS16 promoter region (1q25.3)

[12, 100]

Pulmonary

Hypoplasia

RGS2

To repress signals such as duration and amplitude

To reduce thrombin-induced intracellular Ca2 + signaling

[105, 106, 109]