Fig. 1

Study Overview. Derivation, Validation, and Testing of a Genome-wide Polygenic Score (GPS) for Osteoporosis. A genome-wide polygenic score for osteoporosis was used, including 103,155 variants from the previously published [4] GWAS study. The LDPred computational algorithm [11] was used to calculate GPS vary for the tuning parameter, \(\rho \), the fraction of causal variants, 0.001, 0.003, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 1. A conventional genome-wide significant variants score with conditionally independent 1,103 variants from the previously published GWAS study [4]