Fig. 3

A novel tumor subcluster co-expressing CD19 and CD3, was identified as a potential progenitor of WM cells. A Density dot plots of flow cytometry analysis displaying the population of CD45⁺CD19⁺ cells and CD45⁺CD19⁺CD3⁺ cells derived from bone marrow aspirates of 3 healthy donors (HDs) and 10 WM patients. Boxplot showing the statistical result with unpaired Wilcoxon test (bottom right). B Flow chart of the strategy for RNA-seq of CD19⁺CD3⁺ cells and CD19⁺CD3⁻ cells in WM. C Volcano plot showing differential expressed genes (DEGs) between CD19⁺CD3⁺ cells and CD19⁺CD3⁻ cells in WM, with 1364 up-regulated and 1193 down-regulated. As to DEGs, the P and |log2 FC| were set at < 0.05 and > 1. D GSEA plots showing four enriched stemness-associated pathways of CD19⁺CD3⁺ cells compared with CD19⁺CD3⁻ cells in WM based on the RNA-seq of these two sorted cells. E Pseudotime-ordered analysis of HSPCs, CD19⁺CD3⁺ cells, CD138⁺CD3⁺ cells, and malignant WM cells from WM samples. Cell types are labeled by colors