Characteristics | Non-MAFLD without CAS (n = 60) | Nonobese MAFLD | Obese MAFLD | Non-MAFLD with CAS (n = 30) | P | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Without CAS (n = 72) | With CAS (n = 28) | Without CAS (n = 68) | With CAS (n = 32) | ||||
Age (year) | 42.6 ± 10.1 | 44.6 ± 9.8 | 43.4 ± 10.3 | 44.2 ± 10.2 | 45.1 ± 9.9 | 44.3 ± 9.2 | 0.58 |
Male, n (%) | 40 (66.7%) | 42 (61.1%) | 17 (60.7%) | 44 (64.7%) | 20 (62.5%) | 18 (60.0%) | 0.64 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.9 ± 2.2 bcdef | 23.5 ± 2.8 acdef | 23.6 ± 2.7 adef | 28.8 ± 3.1 abcef | 32.2 ± 2.1 abcdf | 31.5 ± 2.5 abcde | < 0.001 |
Waist circumstance (cm) | 81.7 ± 7.5 def | 82.2 ± .6.4 def | 83.8 ± 7.2 def | 92.5 ± 6.9 abc | 93.8 ± 7.2 abc | 92.2 ± 7.0 abc | < 0.001 |
Waist-hip- ratio | 0.85 ± 0.04 def | 0.87 ± 0.03 def | 0.88 ± 0.04 def | 0.92 ± 0.06 abc | 0.94 ± 0.05 abc | 0.92 ± 0.04 abc | < 0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 125 ± 11 | 126 ± 13 | 132 ± 21 | 133 ± 15 | 135 ± 11 | 131 ± 12 | 0.68 |
DBP (mmHg) | 85 ± 11 | 87 ± 9 | 86 ± 12 | 91 ± 12 | 92 ± 10 | 93 ± 8 | 0.47 |
ALT (U/L)a | 22 (15–31) bcdef | 42 (21–59) aef | 45 (28–72) a | 39 (22–77) aef | 48 (32–83) abd | 46 (31–86) abd | 0.025 |
AST (U/L)a | 25 (18–27) | 32 (21–39) | 33 (22–49) | 31 (21–77) | 31 (24–52) | 30 (20–53) | 0.31 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 ± 0.8 | 5.2 ± 1.2 | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 5.3 ± 1.0 | 5.3 ± 0.7 | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 0.79 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 2.2 ± 0.7 | 2.2 ± 0.8 | 2.4 ± 0.5 | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 2.2 ± 0.6 | 0.34 |
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.4 d | 1.3 ± 0.2 def | 1.2 ± 0.3 ef | 1.1 ± 0.7 ab | 0.9 ± 0.6 bc | 1.0 ± 0.7 bc | 0.008 |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.0 ± 0.7 | 3.2 ± 0.9 | 3.5 ± 0.6 | 3.6 ± 0.9 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 3.6 ± 0.7 | 0.13 |
FBG (mmol/L) | 4.4 ± 0.8 bcdef | 5.2 ± 1.0 a | 5.3 ± 0.9 a | 5.4 ± 1.0 a | 5.5 ± 0.8 a | 5.5 ± 0.9 a | 0.045 |
FINS (μU/mL)a | 8.9 ± 1.5 def | 9.0 ± 1.9 ef | 9.3 ± 1.3 ef | 9.4 ± 1.7 aef | 15.4 ± 2.8 abcd | 13.9 ± 1.8 abcd | 0.008 |
HOMA-IRa | 1.56 (1.0–2.25) | 1.65 (1.28–2.11) | 1.68 (1.38–2.89) | 1.70 (0.96–2.40) | 2.39 (1.83–5.62) | 2.09 (1.13–2.62) | 0.14 |
Uric acid (μmol/L) | 368 ± 72 def | 389 ± 95 def | 414 ± 79 def | 475 ± 87 abc | 496 ± 94 abc | 478 ± 77 abc | 0.001 |
CAP (dB/m) | 203 ± 14 bcde | 278 ± 27 adef | 285 ± 22 adef | 310 ± 22 abcf | 313 ± 28 abcf | 215 ± 17 bcde | < 0.001 |
Liver stiffness (kPa) | 5.9 ± 1.8 e | 5.2 ± 0.8 de | 5.7 ± 1.1 de | 6.6 ± 1.3 bcf | 8.0 ± 2.3 abcdf | 5.3 ± 0.6 de | 0.038 |