From: Modification of mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage-targeted therapy
Cell sources | Number of Cells | Supplement with | Follow-up | Pathology type | Delivery type | Results | Publication |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Autologous BMSCs | – | Platelet lysate | 24 weeks | Knee cartilage defects | IA injection | Pain and motion improvement, Significant cartilage and meniscus regeneration detected by MRI | [15] |
Autologous BMSCs | 4 × 107 | – | 12/24 weeks | Knee OA | IA injection | Significant improvement in MRI outcomes and clinical performance | [16] |
Autologous BMSCs | – | Collagen gel; periosteum | 12 months | Knee cartilage defects | Surgical delivery | Promote hyaline-like type of cartilage tissue regeneration, remarkable improvement in clinical symptoms | [12] |
Autologous BMSCs | 1 × 106, 1 × 107, 5 × 107 | – | 12 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Reduces Synovial Inflammation, The clinical symptoms of the 5 × 107 cell group were significantly improved | [17] |
Autologous BMSCs | 8–9 × 106 | – | 12 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Walking time without pain improved | [18] |
Autologous BMSCs | 4 × 107 | 2% human serum albumin | 6 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Alleviating pain and patient symptoms | [19] |
Autologous BMSCs | 6 × 107 ± 0.6 × 106 | – | 24 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Clinical outcome and knee cartilage thickness were significantly improved | [20] |
Autologous BMSCs | 1 to 10 × 107 | HA | 12 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Clinical and functional improvement of knee OA | [21] |
Autologous BMSCs | – | Platelet-rich fibrin glue | 6, 12 months | Cartilage Defects | Surgical implantation | Promote the repair of articular cartilage defects | [11] |
Autologous BMSCs | 1 × 107, 1 × 108 | Fibrin glue | 12 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Significant improvement in WOMAC and VAS scores | [22] |
Autologous BMSCs | 8–9 × 106 | 5 years | Knee OA | IA injection | Pain and walking distance were improved, the worse of knee were delayed | [23] | |
Autologous BMSCs | 5 × 106 | – | 2, 6, 12, 30 months | Knee, ankle, or hip OA | IA injection | MRI showed improved VAS and WOMAC scores | [24] |
Allogeneic BMSCs | 1.5–2 × 106 | – | 12 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Promote hyaline-like regeneration and clinical outcome | [25] |
Allogeneic BMSCs | 2.5 × 107, 5 × 107, 7.5 × 107, 1.5 × 108 | – | 1, 3, 6, 12 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Cell dose at 2.5 × 107 was the most effective among the doses tested for pain relief and clinical score | [26] |
Allogeneic BMSCs | 4 × 107 | Hyaluronic acid | 12 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Improvement in pain and cartilage quality | [27] |
Allogeneic BMSCs | 5 × 107, 1.5 × 108 | Hyaluronic acid/hyaluronan | 55/24 | Knee OA | IA injection | Pain alleviation and MRI evidence of meniscus regeneration | [4] |
Autologous ADSCs | 1 × 107, 2 × 107, 5 × 107 | 24 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Clinically safe and significant improvement in clinical symptoms | [28] | |
Autologous ADSCs | 4.3 × 106 | Platelet-rich plasma or fibrin glue scaffold | 28.6 months | Knee OA | Arthroscopic surgery | Better repair outcome and IKDC scores in the implantation MSC group on a fibrin glue scaffold | [29] |
Autologous ADSCs | 4.4 × 106 | Fibrin glue | 27.9 months | Knee chondral defects | Arthroscopic implantation | Significant improvement in clinical and MRI outcomes | [30] |
Autologous ADSCs | 2 × 106, 1 × 107, 5 × 107 | – | 6 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Low-dose ADSCs significantly improve pain and function | [31] |
Autologous ADSCs | 1.4 × 107 | – | 3-months | Knee OA | IA injection | Pain relief in osteoarthritic knees, significantly improved clinical outcomes in WOMAC and VAS scores | [32] |
Autologous ADSCs | 1 × 107, 5 × 107, 1 × 108 | – | 6 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Regeneration with hyaline‐like articular cartilage | [33] |
Autologous ADSCs | 5 × 107 | Ultrasound guidance | 24-month | Knee OA | IA injection | Long-term safety and efficacy | [34] |
Allogeneic hUCB-MSCs | – | – | 18.7 months | Medial unicompartmental knee OA | Surgical delivery | More effective in cartilage regeneration | [35] |
Allogeneic hUCB-MSCs | – | Hyaluronate | 48-week | Cartilage defects | Surgical delivery | Cartilage repair, pain and function improvement | [36] |
Allogeneic hUC-MSCs | 2 × 107 | 5% AB plasma | 24/48 weeks | Knee OA | IA injection | Improved clinical scores and MRIs | [37] |
Allogeneic hUC-MSCs | 1 × 107 | Hyaluronic acid | 6 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Improved clinical score | [38] |
Allogeneic hUCB-MSCs | – | – | 7 years | Knee OA | IA injection | Clinically safe and effective for cartilage regeneration | [39] |
Allogeneic hUCB-MSCs | 2.5 × 106 cells/cm2 | 4% HA (CARTISTEM®) | 36.1 ± 6.4 months | Knee OA | Surgical delivery | Significantly improved pain and joint function | [40] |
Infrapatellar fat pad-derived MSCs | 1.89 × 106 | Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) | 16 months | Knee OA | IA injection | Relievedpain in patients with OA | [41] |
Allogenic Wharton's jelly umbilical cord MSCs | – | Porcine type I/II collagen matrix scaffold (ChondrO-Gide) | 12 months | Knee cartilage injury | Surgical implantation | Induce hyaline-like regeneration | [42] |
Allogenic placental MSCs | 0.5–0.6 × 108 | – | 24 weeks | Knee OA | IA injection | Safe and clinical symptom improvement | [43] |
Synovial MSCs | 4.7 × 107 | – | 48 months | Knee cartilage defects | Arthroscopic transplantation | Significantly improved MRI, histologic features, and clinical scores | [44] |