Journal of Translational Medicine

Table 4 Changes in clinical parameters in the subgroups according to the treatments

From: A new nutraceutical (Livogen Plus®) improves liver steatosis in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

ITT
Variables	Placebo (n = 65)	Nutraceutical (n = 62)	p-value
CAP score (dB/m)^a	− 20 ± 5	− 34 ± 5	0.045
CAP (%)^a	− 6.4 ± 2	− 11.2 ± 2	0.049
Improvement (%)^a	40	53	0.09

PP
Variables	Placebo (n = 54)	Nutraceutical (n = 55)	p-value
CAP score (dB/m)^b	− 18 ± 5	− 37 ± 5	0.018
CAP (%)^b	− 5.9 ± 2	− 11.7 ± 2	0.034
Improvement (%)^b	39	55	0.041

Men
Variables	Placebo (n = 29)	Nutraceutical (n = 30)	p-value
CAP score (dB/m)^b	− 17 ± 7	− 37 ± 7	0.07
CAP (%)^b	− 4.6 ± 2	− 12.1 ± 2	0.042
Improvement (%)^b	31	50	0.019

Age ≤ 60 years
Variables	Placebo (n = 41)	Nutraceutical (n = 36)	p-value
CAP score (dB/m)^b	− 18 ± 6	− 36 ± 7	0.05
CAP (%)^b	− 5.6 ± 2	− 12.3 ± 2	0.044
Improvement (%)^b	44	56	0.12

Insulin resistance (HOMA IR > 2)
Variables	Placebo (n = 36)	Nutraceutical (n = 32)	p-value
CAP score (dB/m)^b	− 20 ± 6	− 31 ± 6	0.21
CAP (%)^b	− 5.9 ± 2	− 10.1 ± 2	0.14
Improvement (%)^b	31	56	0.031

Low HDL-C
Variables	Placebo (n = 17)	Nutraceutical (n = 18)	p-value
CAP score (dB/m)^b	− 6 ± 10	− 38 ± 10	0.05
CAP (%)^b	− 1.1 ± 3	− 12.5 ± 3	0.038
Improvement (%)^b	24	61	0.05

AST reduction
Variables	Placebo (n = 30)	Nutraceutical (n = 23)	p-value
CAP score (dB/m)^b	− 13 ± 8	− 47 ± 9	0.007
CAP (%)^b	− 3.7 ± 3	− 15.1 ± 3	0.006
Improvement (%)^b	33	58	0.043

Difference between means by unpaired samples t test with adjustment by General Linear Model
CAP controlled attenuation parameter
^aAdjusted for CAP score and TG at the baseline, changes of serum γGT, and vegetable and animal proteins, cholesterol intake at the follow-up
^bAdjusted for TG at the baseline, changes of serum γGT, and vegetable proteins intake at the follow-up

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