Table 2 Establishment of humanized immune system mouse models
From: Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, applications and challenges in cancer research
Humanized establishment method | Mouse strain | Rout of administration | Advantage | Limitation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
PBMC engraftment | NOD-SCID mice | Intravenous injection of PBMC (5–10 × 106), the engraftment consists of T cells | Cost effective, simple establishment pattern suitable model for T-cell-related immune research | Lack of necessary cytokines in order to B and NK cell in vivo proliferation, GVHD development makes a short period for experiment |
Human HSC engraftment (CD34+) from BM, UCB, FL, MBP | NOD-SCID, NSG | Intravenous injection of 1 × 105 HSCs, when the count of human CD45+ > 25% in peripheral blood the model is established | More complete immune reconstitution, GVHD rarely occurs | Long period of model establishment, maturation of human T cells in murine thymus makes human T cell restricted to mouse H2 |
Human BLT (bone marrow, liver, thymus) model | NOD-SCID, NSG | Intravenous injection of CD34+ HSC (0.5–1 × 106) from human bone marrow, implantation of human fetal liver and thymus in to mouse sub renal capsule when the count of humanCD45+ > 25% in peripheral blood the model is established | Maturation of T cells in autologous human thymus, human T cell restricted to human HLA, highest immune reconstitution; B, T, macrophages and dendritic cells. long term maintenance of model | GVHD development due to mouse DCs, positive and negative selection processes of human T cells; although lighter GVHD than PBMC humanized model. Engraftments should carry from same donor, complex technique and ethical problems |