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Table 2 Baseline characteristics of initial non-HTN participants according to baseline bilirubin quartiles

From: The association between bilirubin and hypertension among a Chinese ageing cohort: a prospective follow-up study

Variable

Overall

STB quartiles

1 (Lowest)

2

3

4

P value

 < 9.3 (μmol/L)

9.3 ~ 11.8 (μmol/L)

11.9 ~ 15.2 (μmol/L)

 > 15.2 (μmol/L)

 

N = 1881

n = 470

n = 456

n = 478

n = 477

 

Age (years)

61.00 (59.00–66.00)

62.00 (59.00–67.00)

61.00 (59.25–66.00)

61.00 (59.00–66.00)

61.00 (59.00–65.00)

0.107

Length of follow-up (Person-years)

3.68 ± 1.69

3.54 ± 1.73

3.86 ± 1.67

3.61 ± 1.72

3.71 ± 1.61

0.025

Male (n, %)

823 (43.75)

189 (40.21)

174 (38.16)

212 (44.35)

248 (51.99)

 < 0.001

WC (cm)

81.00 (75.00–88.00)

81.00 (74.00–87.00)

81.00 (76.00–88.00)

81.00 (75.00–87.00)

80.00 (74.00–87.00)

0.211

BMI (kg/m2)

22.26 (20.45–24.46)

22.15 (20.44–24.34)

22.66 (20.95–24.94)

22.21 (20.44–24.44)

22.04 (20.03–24.25)

0.007

SBP (mm Hg)

127.00 (117.00–138.00)

127.00 (116.75–138.00)

129.00 (118.00–139.00)

125.50 (116.00–137.00)

127.00 (117.50–137.50)

0.094

DBP (mm Hg)

78.00 (72.00–84.00)

77.00 (71.00–84.00)

78.00 (72.00–85.00)

78.00 (72.00–84.00)

78.00 (72.00–85.00)

0.389

Leukocyte (× 109/L)

5.90 (5.10–7.01)

5.90 (5.29–7.10)

5.80 (5.00–7.10)

6.00 (5.20–7.10)

5.96 (4.90–7.90)

0.169

Platelet (× 109/L)

217.00 (190.00–252.00)

225.00 (201.00–261.25)

217.00 (190.25–251.00)

215.00 (185.00–250.25)

212.00 (184.00–242.00)

 < 0.001

Hemoglobin (g/L)

135.00 (126.00–144.00)

132.00 (124.75–142.00)

134.00 (126.00–142.00)

136.00 (126.75–145.00)

138.00 (129.50–147.00)

 < 0.001

FPG (mmol/L)

4.99 (4.50–5.60)

4.94 (4.50–5.60)

4.90 (4.40–5.50)

4.99 (4.67–5.60)

5.10 (4.50–5.70)

0.278

ALT (U/L)

20.90 (16.30–27.50)

19.20 (14.68–25.63)

20.70 (16.40–27.10)

21.90 (17.00–29.25)

21.90 (17.65–27.50)

 < 0.001

AST (U/L)

21.00 (18.00–24.10)

19.95 (17.30–24.00)

20.00 (17.93–23.30)

21.00 (18.20–25.00)

21.00 (19.00–25.00)

 < 0.001

Albumin (g/L)

44.50 (42.90–46.00)

44.45 (42.50–45.93)

44.20 (42.60–46.00)

44.60 (42.90–46.10)

44.80 (43.30–46.10)

0.024

CB (μmol/L)

3.20 (2.20–4.50)

2.40 (1.60–3.10)

3.10 (2.30–3.70)

3.50 (2.48–4.50)

4.50 (2.85–5.80)

 < 0.001

UCB (μmol/L)

8.50 (5.90–11.50)

5.00 (3.70–6.00)

7.40 (6.50–8.38)

9.90 (8.60–11.13)

14.00 (11.60–16.75)

 < 0.001

SCr (μmol/L)

62.80 (51.70–75.80)

63.70 (51.48–77.33)

60.05 (48.10–73.75)

62.55 (52.43–75.43)

64.40 (54.00–77.00)

0.001

TC (mmol/L)

5.03 (4.40–5.71)

4.94 (4.20–5.65)

5.07 (4.35–5.70)

5.07 (4.43–5.72)

5.04 (4.46–5.76)

0.135

TG (mmol/L)

1.04 (0.77–1.48)

1.08 (0.81–1.62)

1.07 (0.78–1.46)

1.03 (0.77–1.49)

0.99 (0.72–1.39)

0.007

T2DM (n, %)

178 (9.46)

52 (11.06)

42 (9.21)

43 (8.81)

41 (8.78)

0.510

Hyperuricemia (n, %)

468 (24.88)

82 (17.44)

107 (23.46)

142 (29.71)

137 (28.78)

 < 0.001

Marriage (n, %)

     

0.976

Married

1638 (87.08)

405 (86.17)

395 (86.62)

421 (88.08)

417 (87.42)

 

Widowed

229 (12.17)

61 (12.98)

58 (12.72)

53 (11.09)

57 (11.95)

 

Unspecified

14 (0.74)

4 (0.85)

3 (0.66)

4 (0.84)

3 (0.63)

 

Smoking Status (n, %)

  

0.069

 Non-smoker

1331 (70.76)

335 (71.28)

335 (73.46)

340 (71.13)

321 (67.30)

 

 Former Smoker

53 (2.82)

9 (1.91)

10 (2.19)

11 (2.30)

23 (4.82)

 

 Current Smoker

491 (26.10)

125 (26.60)

110 (24.12)

124 (25.94)

132 (27.67)

 

Drinking Status (n, %)

  

0.019

 Non-drinker

1560 (82.93)

396 (84.26)

388 (85.09)

402 (84.10)

374 (78.41)

 

 Current Drinker

311 (16.53)

70 (14.89)

67 (14.69)

73 (15.27)

101 (21.74)

 

Exercise Frequency (n, %)

  

0.013

 Low

1102 (58.59)

307 (65.32)

257 (56.36)

269 (56.28)

269 (56.39)

 

 Medium

322 (17.12)

55 (11.70)

87 (19.08)

89 (18.62)

91 (19.08)

 

 High

457 (24.30)

108 (22.98)

112 (24.56)

120 (25.10)

117 (24.53)

 

Incident HTN (n, %)

435 (6.29)

81 (4.87)

104 (5.92)

121 (7.01)

129 (7.28)

0.018

  1. Normally distributed variables are presented as mean ± SD, skewed variables as median (interquartile range), and categorical variables as n (%). Incidence rate was calculated as the number of hypertension incident cases divided by 100 person-years of follow-up. Continuous variables were compared using one-way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis test depending on distribution. Pearson’s χ2 tests were used to compare categorical values
  2. HTN, hypertension; WC, waist circumference; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasm blood; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; STB, serum total bilirubin; CB, conjugated bilirubin; UCB, unconjugated bilirubin; SCr, serum creatinine; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Journal of Translational Medicine

ISSN: 1479-5876

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