Fig. 5
From: Novel distance-progesterone-combined selection approach improves human sperm quality
Effect of selection combined-distance-progesterone on sperm containing DNA fragmentation. a Sperm with integrated DNA (yellow arrows) and DNA fragmentation (black arrow). The bar represents 5 μm. b The percentage of sperm with DNA fragmentation after different treatments. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. There was a significant difference between the percentage of sperm with DNA fragmentation at position E2 and with Percoll treatment before selection (Mann–Whitney U test, P = 0.001), and no difference between sperm treated with Percoll and those that were not (P = 0.228, n = 28). However, there was no statistical difference between position D2 and E2 after selection (P = 0.066, n = 23). Non-Percoll indicates that the sperm were not processed with Percoll before selection; Percoll, indicates that the sperm were processed by Percoll before selection; D2 and E2, positions on the device. Min, minutes; P, P value