Fig. 5

Levels of HSP-27. Amount of heat shock protein (HSP)-27 (mean ± SD) of the particulate fraction at different time points; X axis is net intensity of the signal of HSP-27. Y axis represents different biopsies (1–3) for each group (see also legend Fig. 3). Except for the helium-preconditioning group, a significant increase of total HSP-27 at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass (biopsy 3) compared to the respective baseline values was found. For the controls, helium pre- and postconditioning group and the anesthetic preconditioning group this increase was also significant directly after preconditioning (biopsy 2) compared to baseline