Fig. 1From: Increased Th17 cells and IL-17A exist in patients with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and promote proliferation and resistance to daunorubicin through activation of Akt signalingTh17 cells increase with reduced Th1 cells in freshly isolated PBMCs and BMMCs from patients with B-ALL. a PBMCs and BMMCs were separated and stimulated with PMA and ionomycin for 5 h in the presence of brefeldin A and subsequently stained with antibodies against CD3, CD8, intracellular IL-17A or IFN-γ. Flow cytometric analysis was used to determine the Th17 and Th1 cell frequencies. Representative dot plots using matching peripheral blood and bone marrow samples from B-ALL patients and healthy donors (HD) were shown. b Statistical data for frequencies of Th17 and Th1 cells within CD4+ T population were shown. c Total RNA was extracted from CD4+ T cells isolated from B-ALL patients and HDs and reverse transcribed into cDNA and subsequently determined for IL-17A and IFN-γ mRNA expression using quantitative PCR. d The frequencies of Th17 cells were significantly decreased in BM when B-ALL patients achieved complete remission (CR). e CD4+ T cells were cultured with or without Nalm-6 cells for 14 days in the presence of OKT3 plus IL-2 (300 units/ml). Then, frequencies of Th17 cells were determined after stimulation with PMA plus ionomycinBack to article page