Table 2 Summary of baseline and post-intervention systemic sex steroid hormones and estrogen metabolites (n = 34)

Estradiol, pg/ml

12.3 ± 20.7^a

15.5 ± 34.9

22.4 ± 178

0.47

Estrone, pg/ml

26.1 ± 12.7

25.8 ± 14.3

1.4 ± 38.3

0.83

Testosterone, ng/ml

0.18 ± 0.11

0.18 ± 0.12

−0.85 ± 27.2

0.86

SHBG, nmol/L

42.1 ± 17.6

45.3 ± 18.0

10.0 ± 17.8

<0.01

2-OHE₁, ng/mg creatinine

9.5 ± 8.8

13.8 ± 8.75

73.2 ± 132

<0.01

16α-OHE₁, ng/mg creatinine

6.6 ± 6.1

6.6 ± 3.0

15.9 ± 51.0

0.08

2-OHE₁/16α-OHE₁ ratio

1.7 ± 1.4

2.7 ± 2.7

84.5 ± 175

<0.01