Table 2 Studies on the treatment of melanoma by affecting the function of mitochondria
From: The role of mitochondria in the resistance of melanoma to PD-1 inhibitors
Melanoma type | Reagent | Mechanism | References |
|---|---|---|---|
MAPK mutation | Talimogene laherparepvec(T-VEC) | Oncolytic virus | [36] |
|  | Prenyl-binding protein phosphodiesterase-δ (PDEδ) | NRAS inhibitor | [103] |
| Â | Vemurafenib | BRAF inhibitor | [104] |
| Â | Dabrafenib | BRAF inhibitor | [105] |
| Â | Encorafenib | BRAF inhibitor | [106] |
| Â | Sorafenib | BRAF inhibitor | [107] |
| Â | Trametinib | MEK inhibitor | [108] |
| Â | Cobimetinib | MEK inhibitor | [109] |
| Â | Binimetinib | MEK inhibitor | [110] |
mtDNA/DNA mutation | Temozolomide (TMZ) | DNA alkylating agent | [111] |
| Â | Fotemustine (FM) | DNA alkylating agent | |
| Â | Carboplatin/Cisplatin | DNA alkylating agent | |
| Â | Dacarbazine (DTIC) | DNA alkylating agent | [116] |
| Â | VAS2870 | NADPH oxidase inhibitor, Reduce ROS | [117] |
| Â | Diphenylene iodonium (DPI) | NADPH oxidase inhibitor, Reduce ROS | |
| Â | Irinotecan | Reduce ROS | [120] |
| Â | Apocynin (4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyacetophenone) | PI3K inhibitor, Reduce ROS | [121] |
Drp1 expression disorder | Vemurafenib | Inhibition of Drp1 phosphorylation | [122] |
| Â | Cryptolepine | Drp1 inhibitor | [123] |
| Â | mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (MDIVI-1) | Drp1 inhibitor | |
Calcium signal expression disorder | Diallyl trisulfide | Induce mitochondrial Ca2+ overload | [126] |
|  | δ-tocotrienol | Induce mitochondrial Ca2+ overload | [127] |
| Â | Luteolin | Induce tumor cell death | [128] |
| Â | N-acetyl-S-(p-chlorophenylcarbamoyl) cysteine (NACC) | Induce tumor cell death | [129] |
| Â | Sanguinarine | Induce tumor cell death | [130] |
| Â | Aripiprazole | Depletion of endoplasmic reticulum calcium | [131] |
| Â | Digitoxin | Alter mitochondrial membrane potential | [132] |
| Â | Lmiquimod | Induce Ca2+ depletion | |
Abnormal tumor mitochondria OXPHOS | Metformin | OXPHOS inhibitor | |
| Â | Atovaquone | OXPHOS inhibitor | [135] |
| Â | Arsenic trioxide | OXPHOS inhibitor | [135] |
| Â | ONC212 | OXPHOS inhibitor | [100] |
| Â | Mito-MGN | OXPHOS inhibitor | [101] |
| Â | MITO-ONC-RX | OXPHOS inhibitor | [137] |
| Â | Chitosan biguanide | Mitochondrial function inhibitor | |
| Â | Phenformin | Mitochondrial function inhibitor | [140] |
| Â | Sorafenib | Mitochondrial function inhibitor, inducing tumor vessel normalization | [141] |