Fig. 1
From: The role of mitochondria in the resistance of melanoma to PD-1 inhibitors
Mechanism of melanoma resistance to PD-1 inhibitors. The main mechanisms of melanoma resistance to PD-1 inhibitors include: (1) Insufficient immunogenicity of tumor; (2) MHC dysfunction caused by B2M mutation; (3) CD8+T cells transformed into depleted T cells (Tex) due to continuous stimulation of tumor antigen; (4) IFN- γ signal plays an immunosuppressive role; (5) interference from other cells in tumor microenvironment. MHC: Major histocompatibility complex; B2M: β 2-microglobulin; APC: Antigen-presenting cells; STAT: Signal transducer and activator of transcription; JAK: Janus Kinase; TAM: Tumor-associated macrophages; MDSC: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells