Fig. 6

Effect of salubrinal, guanabenz and empagliflozin on cytosolic Ca²⁺ dynamics in LMNA R321X-cardiomyocytes. A Changes in fluorescence ratio in 4 representative Fura-2-loaded cardiomyocytes showing the effect of salubrinal and guanabenz. Each color line represents an individual cell and a specific cell line, as reported in the inset. Horizontal black lines report experimental conditions of the perfusion ringer (free Ca²⁺, CPA, 5 mM Ca²⁺). B Data plot summarizing the cytosolic Ca²⁺ response induced by either CPA (ER release) or by 5 mM Ca²⁺ (CCE) in the experimental conditions shown in A. Plots show mean value of ∆ ratio ± SEM of all responsive cells (n = 82/82 responsive cells, in 3 independent experiments). Ordinary one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparisons test was used for statistical analysis (°°°°p = 0.0001 for WT vs R321X; ****p = 0.0001 and ***p = 0.004 for untreated R321X vs treated R321X). C Changes in fluorescence ratio in 3 representative Fura-2-loaded cardiomyocytes showing the effect of empagliflozin. Each color line represents an individual cell and a specific cell line, as reported in the inset. Horizontal black lines report experimental conditions of the perfusion ringer (free Ca²⁺, CPA, 5 mM Ca²⁺). D Data plot summarizing the cytosolic Ca²⁺ response induced by either CPA (ER release) or by 5 mM Ca²⁺ (CCE) in the experimental conditions shown in C (n = 80/80 responsive cells, in 3 independent experiments). Plots show mean value of ∆ ratio ± SEM of all responsive cells (n = 80/80 responsive cells, in 3 independent experiments). Ordinary one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparisons test was used for statistical analysis (°°°°p = 0.001 for WT vs R321X; ***p = 0.006, ****p = 0.0001 for untreated R321X vs treated R321X)