Table 1 Characteristics of clinical studies on the combination therapy of SRS and ICI in brain metastases
Author, year | NCT number | Type of Study | Type of cancer | No. of patients (intervention) | No. of patients (control) | No. of lesions (intervention) | No. of lesions (control) | Intervention arm | Control arm | Intervals*, months | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acharya, 2017 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 18 | 38 | 48 | 121 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 3 | [100] |
Ahmed, 2016 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 21 | 20 | 59 | 79 | Concurrent SRS + ICI (anti-PD-1) | SRS | 4 | [101] |
25 | 20 | 73 | 79 | Concurrent SRS + ICI (anti-CTLA-4) | SRS | 4 | |||||
An, 2017 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 66 | 33 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS after ICI | 5.5 | [102] |
Anderson, 2017 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 11 | 15 | 23 | 27 | Concurrent SRS + ICI (anti-PD-1) | SRS | 4 | [103] |
20 | 15 | 31 | 27 | Concurrent SRS + ICI (anti-CTLA-4) | SRS | 4 | |||||
Choong, 2017 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 39 | 26 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 1.5 | [104] |
Cohen-Inbar, 2017 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 32 | 14 | 160 | 72 | Concurrent SRS + /before ICI | SRS after ICI | 1 | [105] |
Diao1, 2018 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 18 | 29 | 59 | 91 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 1 | [106] |
25 | 29 | 160 | 91 | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 1 | |||||
Diao2, 2018 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 23 | 40 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 1 | [107] |
28 | 40 | – | – | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 1 | |||||
Kaidar-Person, 2017 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 29 | 29 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 1 | [108] |
Kiess, 2015 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 15 | 19 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS before ICI | 1 | [58] |
12 | 19 | – | – | SRS after ICI | SRS before ICI | 1 | |||||
15 | 12 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS after ICI | 1 | |||||
15 | 31 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 1 | |||||
Knisely, 2012 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 27 | 50 | – | – | SRS before/after/concurrent ICI | SRS | – | [109] |
16 | 11 | – | – | SRS before ICI | SRS after ICI | – | |||||
Lanier, 2019 | – | Retro | Mixed | 101 | 170 | – | – | SRS before/after/concurrent ICI | SRS | – | [110] |
Martins, 2020 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 28 | – | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | – | 2.25 | [111] |
Mathew, 2013 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 25 | 33 | 99 | 99 | SRS before/after/concurrent ICI | SRS | – | [112] |
Murphy, 2019 | – | Retro | Melanoma | – | – | 36 | 54 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 1 | [45] |
Patel, 2017 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 20 | 34 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 4 | [90] |
Qian, 2016 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 33 | 22 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-concurrent SRS + ICI | 1 | [46] |
Silk, 2013 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 17 | 16 | – | – | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 6 | [113] |
Skrepnik, 2017 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 8 | 17 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 1 | [47] |
Stokes, 2017 | – | Retro | Melanoma | 93 | 376 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 4 | [114] |
Williams, 2017 | NCT01703507 | Pro | Melanoma | 11 | 5 | 22 | 30 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Concurrent WBRT + ICI | 0.1 | [115] |
Yusuf, 2017 | – | Pro | Melanoma | 18 | 22 | 59 | 108 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 3 | [116] |
7 | 11 | 21 | 38 | SRS after ICI | SRS before ICI | 3 | |||||
12 | 6 | 41 | 18 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 1 | |||||
Le,2022 | – | Retro | Mixed | – | – | 53 | 424 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 1 | [48] |
– | – | 79 | 398 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 2 | |||||
– | – | 92 | 385 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 3 | |||||
Scoccianti,2021 | – | Retro | NSCLC | 100 | 50 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 1 | [54] |
90 | 10 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 0.21 | |||||
Cabanie,2021 | – | Retro | Mixed | 13 | 46 | 14 | 79 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 0.21 | [51] |
35 | 24 | 40 | 53 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 0.5 | |||||
59 | – | 103 | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | – | 1 | |||||
Enright,2020 | – | Retro | NSCLC | 33 | 44 | 64 | 68 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 3 | [117] |
Weingarten,2019 | – | Retro | Mixed | 7 | 50 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 1 | [118] |
45 | 5 | – | – | SRS before ICI | SRS after ICI | 3 | |||||
Chen,2018 | – | Retro | Mixed | 28 | 51 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 0.5 | [53] |
28 | 22 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS after ICI | 0.5 | |||||
28 | 29 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS before ICI | 0.5 | |||||
Ahmed,2017 | – | Retro | NSCLC | 13 | 4 | 35 | 14 | Concurrent SRS + /before ICI | SRS after ICI | 1 | [119] |
Hubbeling,2018 | – | Retro | NSCLC | 14 | 5 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS after ICI | 1 | [55] |
12 | 23 | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS before ICI | 1 | |||||
Schapira,2018 | – | Retro | NSCLC | 8 | 5 | 21 | 13 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS after ICI | 1 | [120] |
8 | 24 | 21 | 51 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS before ICI | 1 | |||||
Kotecha,2019 | – | Retro | Mixed | – | – | 564 | 439 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 5 | [49] |
– | – | 367 | 636 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 1 | |||||
Khan,2021 | NCT02858869 | Pro | Mixed | 25 | – | 68 | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | – | 0.1 | [121] |
Li,2021 | NCT02696993 | Pro | NSCLC | 13 | – | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | – | 0.25 | [122] |
Wong,2021 | NCT02978404 | Pro | NSCLC | 22 | – | – | – | Concurrent SRS + ICI | – | 0.5 | [123] |
Abdulhaleem,2022 | – | Retro | NSCLC | 80 | 235 | 369 | 522 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | SRS | 1 | [124] |
Koenig,2019 | – | Retro | Mixed | 27 | 70 | 359 | 221 | Concurrent SRS + ICI | Non-Concurrent SRS + ICI | 1 | [52] |