Fig. 7

Compensatory structural remodeling of the MS-DG circuit in late-stage AD. A Representative immunofluorescence images showing mCherry input neurons in the MS of aged Vgat-WT and Vgat-AD mice. Scale bar = 300 μm. B Quantification of MS-DG connectivity ratio in 14 month Vgat-WT and Vgat-AD mice. n = 5, 5 mice. p = 0.002. C Representative images of retrograde tracing injection sites (DG) in 14 month Vgat-WT and Vgat-AD mice. Scale bar = 300 μm. D mCherry⁺ area within the injection site ROI (hilus) in 14 month Vgat-WT and Vgat-AD mice. n = 5, 6 mice. p = 0.96. E Representative dual immunofluorescence confocal images of the MS of aged Vgat-WT and Vgat-AD mice showing co-localization of mCherry input neurons co-localized with GABA staining. White arrows indicate co-localization. Scale bar = 30 μm. F Quantification of GABA⁺/mCherry⁺ neurons over total mCherry⁺ neurons in 14 month Vgat-WT and Vgat-AD mice. n = 4, 4 mice. p = 0.124. G Representative images of MS-GABA projections to the DG of 14 month Vgat-WT and Vgat-AD mice. Scale bar = 100 µm. H Quantification of MS GABA YFP⁺ process density in the hilus of 14 month Vgat-WT and Vgat-AD mice. n = 3, 3 mice, p = 0.0047. I Quantification of YFP-labeled cell density in the MS of Vgat-WT and Vgat-AD mice at 14 months of age. n = 3, 3 mice, p = 0.244