Fig. 3

M1-polarized CAR-Ms exhibited stronger proinflammatory phenotypes than CAR-Ms. A-B Flow cytometry analysis and quantitative analysis of the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of the activation markers CD80 (A) and CD86 (B) on macrophages after coculture with MC38-HER2 target cells. C-E Normalized gene expression analysis of the proinflammatory cytokines Il-6 (C), Il-12 (D), and Tnf-α (E) by qRT‒PCR. F–H ELISA to detect secreted proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-12p70 (F), IL-1β (G) and TNF-α (H), in the supernatants of cocultures of macrophages with target cells after 24 h. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001