Histone modification | Function | Molecule | Target genes | Transcriptional regulation | Effect on fibrosis | Organ | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acetylation | Acetylase | P300 | CCL2 | Activation | Pro | Lung | [53] |
NOX4 | Activation | Pro | Lung | [54] | |||
Reader | BRD4 | SNAI1, ZEB1, TWIST1 | Activation | Pro | Lung | [57] | |
NOX4 | Activation | Pro | Lung | [54] | |||
SERTAD4 | Activation | Pro | Heart | [59] | |||
NPPA, NPPB, CTGF | Activation | Pro | Heart | [58] | |||
Deacetylation | Deacetylase (Class I HDACs) | HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 | COX-2 | Repression | Pro | Lung | [78] |
HDAC1 | COL1A1 | Repression | Anti | Skin | [80] | ||
HDAC1 | MAP2K3 | Repression | Anti | Heart | [83] | ||
HDAC3 | WIF-1 | Repression | Pro | Skin | [81] | ||
HDAC8 | PPARγ | Repression | Pro | Lung | [82] | ||
Deacetylase (Class II HDACs) | HDAC4, HDAC5, HDAC7 | Thy-1 | Repression | Pro | Lung | [84] | |
HDAC4 | SIRT1 | Repression | Pro | Liver | [91] | ||
HDAC4 | MMP9 | Repression | Pro | Liver | [88] | ||
HDAC7 | HGF | Repression | Pro | Liver | [89] | ||
HDAC7 | PGC1α | Repression | Pro | Lung | [85] | ||
Deacetylase (Class III HDACs) | SIRT1 | MMP9 | Repression | Anti | Lung | [95] | |
SIRT3 | FOS | Repression | Anti | Heart | [93] | ||
SIRT6 | IGR signaling related genes | Repression | Anti | Heart | [94] | ||
Methylation | Methylase (H3K27) | EZH2 | Smad7, PTEN | Repression | Pro | Kidney | [101] |
EZH2 | CTGF, CCL2 | Repression | Anti | Kidney | [105] | ||
EZH2 | Dkk1 | Repression | Pro | Liver | [102] | ||
EZH2 | PPARγ | Repression | Pro | Liver | [103] | ||
/ | FRA2 | Repression | Anti | Skin | [104] | ||
Methylase (H3K9) | G9a | PGC1α | Repression | Pro | Lung | [112] | |
G9a | IP-10 | Repression | Pro | Lung | [79] | ||
/ | Fas | Repression | Pro | Lung | [87] | ||
G9a | E-cadherin | Repression | Pro | Lung | [116] | ||
G9a | Klotho | Repression | Pro | Kidney | [114] | ||
Methylase (H3K27 & H3K9) | EZH2, G9a | CXCL10, COX-2 | Repression | Pro | Lung | [109] | |
Methylase (H3K4) | COMPASS | COL1A1, COL1A2, α-SMA | Activation | Pro | Liver | [127] | |
COMPASS | COL1A1, COL1A2 | Activation | Pro | Kidney | [126] | ||
SET7/9 | TGF-β1 | Activation | Pro | Liver | [128] | ||
SET7/9 | COL1A1, CTGF, PAI-1 | Activation | Pro | Kidney | [129] | ||
ASH1 | COL1A1, COL1A2, α-SMA, TIMP1, TGF-β1 | Activation | Pro | Kidney | [130] | ||
Demethylase (H3K27) | JMJD3(KDM6B) | CTGF, CCL2 | Activation | Pro | Kidney | [105] | |
JMJD3(KDM6B) | FRA2 | Activation | Pro | Skin | [107] | ||
JMJD3(KDM6B) | XIAP, survivin | Activation | Anti | Lung | [106] | ||
Demethylase (H3K9) | JMJD1A(KDM3A) | YAP1, TGF-β2 | Activation | Pro | Kidney | [118] | |
JMJD1A(KDM3A) | CTGF | Activation | Pro | Kidney | [119] | ||
JMJD1A(KDM3A) | TIMP1 | Activation | Pro | Heart | [120] | ||
JMJD1A(KDM3A) | PPARγ | Activation | Anti | Liver | [122] | ||
KDM4A/B/C | miR-29 | Activation | Anti | Liver | [123] | ||
KDM4D | TLR4 | Activation | Pro | Liver | [121] |