Fig. 3

Changes of oral microbial abundance and functional pathway following Prenatal Total Oral Rehabilitation (PTOR). A Changes of oral microbial abundance and functional pathway in saliva. B Changes of oral microbial abundance and functional pathway in supragingival plaque. To determine differentially abundant (DA) pathways and the corresponding DA taxa, an MMRM with an unstructured covariance matrix was used for each pathway; for an identified DA pathway, an MMRM with an unstructured covariance matrix was used for each taxon to determine DA taxa. All analyses included race, Decayed teeth (DT), frequency of brushing, and BOP as covariates. For multiple testing correction, the Benjamini–Hochberg procedure was used to control false discovery rate (FDR) at a 5% level. Arcs in different colors correspond to different superclasses. For instance, the orange-colored arc represents superclass “fatty acid” that include pathways P8 and P24